Individual differences in lexical access

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN READING: THE CASE FOR LEXICAL ACCESS

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jay Samuels ◽  
Jan Carol Näslund
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access

scholarly journals The semantic network, lexical access, and reading comprehension in monolingual and bilingual children: An individual differences study—CORRIGENDUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-461
Author(s):  
TESSA SPÄTGENS ◽  
ROB SCHOONEN
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Bilingual Children

In the article by Spätgens and Schoonen, the penultimate paragraph on page 237 incorrectly states that the coding for the Animacy variable is “(0 inanimate, 1 animate).” The correct coding should instead read “(0 animate, 1 inanimate).” We regret this omission and any problems it may have caused.

scholarly journals Individual differences in processing pseudo-inflected nonwords

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schwarz ◽  
Mirjana Bozic ◽  
Brechtje Post
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Visual Priming ◽  
Morphological Segmentation ◽  
Visual Access ◽  
Whole Word

While the role of word stems has received much attention in morphological processing, the effects of inflectional suffixes on lexical access remain unclear. We address this gap as well as the contribution of individual differences on morphological segmentation with a visual priming experiment. Inflected and uninflected nonwords were preceded by a non-linguistic baseline string or the target’s suffix/word-final letters (e.g. XXXXing  SMOYING). The results indicate that the suffix length is crucial for morphological effects to surface in visual priming and that morphological processing may be modulated by the individual’s reading profile and vocabulary size. We interpret this as evidence for variable morphemic activation: morphological cues can facilitate visual access when rapid whole-word processing is unavailable. The theoretical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Individual differences in late bilinguals' L2 phonological processes: From acoustic-phonetic analysis to lexical access

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 680-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Díaz ◽  
Holger Mitterer ◽  
Mirjam Broersma ◽  
Núria Sebastián-Gallés
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Late Bilinguals

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Lexical Access Among Cochlear Implant Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Leanne Nagels ◽  
Roelien Bastiaanse ◽  
Deniz Başkent ◽  
Anita Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Sensitivity Experiment ◽  
Sentential Context ◽  
Lower Accuracy

Purpose The current study investigates how individual differences in cochlear implant (CI) users' sensitivity to word–nonword differences, reflecting lexical uncertainty, relate to their reliance on sentential context for lexical access in processing continuous speech. Method Fifteen CI users and 14 normal-hearing (NH) controls participated in an auditory lexical decision task (Experiment 1) and a visual-world paradigm task (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 tested participants' reliance on lexical statistics, and Experiment 2 studied how sentential context affects the time course and patterns of lexical competition leading to lexical access. Results In Experiment 1, CI users had lower accuracy scores and longer reaction times than NH listeners, particularly for nonwords. In Experiment 2, CI users' lexical competition patterns were, on average, similar to those of NH listeners, but the patterns of individual CI users varied greatly. Individual CI users' word–nonword sensitivity (Experiment 1) explained differences in the reliance on sentential context to resolve lexical competition, whereas clinical speech perception scores explained competition with phonologically related words. Conclusions The general analysis of CI users' lexical competition patterns showed merely quantitative differences with NH listeners in the time course of lexical competition, but our additional analysis revealed more qualitative differences in CI users' strategies to process speech. Individuals' word–nonword sensitivity explained different parts of individual variability than clinical speech perception scores. These results stress, particularly for heterogeneous clinical populations such as CI users, the importance of investigating individual differences in addition to group averages, as they can be informative for clinical rehabilitation. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11368106

scholarly journals Shared lexical access processes in speaking and listening? An individual differences study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Hintz ◽  
Suzanne R. Jongman ◽  
Marjolijn Dijkhuis ◽  
Vera van 't Hoff ◽  
James M. McQueen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access

scholarly journals The semantic network, lexical access, and reading comprehension in monolingual and bilingual children: An individual differences study

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
TESSA SPÄTGENS ◽  
ROB SCHOONEN
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Vocabulary Size

ABSTRACTUsing a semantic priming experiment, the influence of lexical access and knowledge of semantic relations on reading comprehension was studied in Dutch monolingual and bilingual minority children. Both context-independent semantic relations in the form of category coordinates and context-dependent semantic relations involving concepts that co-occur in certain contexts were tested in an auditory animacy decision task, along with lexical access. Reading comprehension and the control variables vocabulary size, decoding skill, and mental processing speed were tested by means of standardized tasks. Mixed-effects modeling was used to obtain individual priming scores and to study the effect of individual differences in the various predictor variables on the reading scores. Semantic priming was observed for the coordinate pairs but not the context-dependently related pairs, and neither context-independent priming nor lexical access predicted reading comprehension. Only vocabulary size significantly contributed to the reading scores, emphasizing the importance of the number of words known for reading comprehension. Finally, the results show that the monolingual and bilingual children perform similarly on all measures, suggesting that in the current Dutch context, language status may not be highly predictive of vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension skill.

scholarly journals Semantic facilitation and lexical access during sentence processing: An investigation of individual differences

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Foss ◽  
Randolph K. Cirilo ◽  
Michelle A. Blank
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Sentence Processing

The challenge of accounting for individual differences in folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractWe argue that existing data on folk-economic beliefs (FEBs) present challenges to Boyer & Petersen's model. Specifically, the widespread individual variation in endorsement of FEBs casts doubt on the claim that humans are evolutionarily predisposed towards particular economic beliefs. Additionally, the authors' model cannot account for the systematic covariance between certain FEBs, such as those observed in distinct political ideologies.

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