Psychological Well-Being, General Health, and Dispositional Optimism in Iranian Youth and Adults

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshideh Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being

scholarly journals Enhancing Meaning in Life and Psychological Well-Being Among a European Cohort of Young Adults via a Gratitude Intervention

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Czyżowska ◽  
Ewa Gurba
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
General Health ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Gratitude Intervention ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Strengthening the sense of meaning in life and psychological well-being brings benefits for mental health. The group particularly vulnerable to mental problems are young adults, therefore the aim of our research was to explore how a gratitude intervention will affect the sense of meaning in life, psychological well-being, general health and perceived stress among them. The research also took into account the issue of expressing gratitude.Method: The study involved 80 young adults (58 women and 22 men) who were randomly assigned to the experimental group that filled out the specially prepared diaries for a week (participants were asked to list three things for which they feel grateful, to whom they are grateful and if and how they expressed their gratitude) or the control group. Participants completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), the General Health Questionnaire – 28 (GHQ-28), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (PWBS) twice (before and after intervention).Results: In the experimental group significant increases were observed in three areas of psychological well-being: environmental mastery, relationships with others and purpose in life. The significant decrease was also noted in anxiety/insomnia and depression symptoms as well as in perceived stress. There were no differences in the level of meaning in life. There was a positive relationship between expressing gratitude and meaning in life and psychological well-being.Conclusion: Proposed gratitude intervention has the potential to enhance psychological well-being among young adults, however, it may not be effective in enhancing meaning in life.

THU0628-HPR SSCENTRY: A PERSONAL DISEASE DIARY APP FOR SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 558-559
Author(s):  
E. Praino ◽  
F. Scioscia ◽  
C. Scioscia ◽  
G. Loseto ◽  
F. Gramegna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
General Health ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Core ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study

Background:Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by severe alterations in the microvasculature and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs [1]. Management of SSc is not easy, for both patients and physicians [2]. Symptoms are manifold and have a significant impact on patient’s daily autonomy and psychological well-being.Objectives:SScEntry (SSc data Entry tool; Figure 1) is a solution conceived to assist SSc patients in monitoring their disease, as a kind of “sentry”. The core idea is to provide patients with a personal diary to annotate and track the onset, evolution and resolution of symptoms as well as any changes in their general health condition, through an app for iOS and Android smartphones and tablets.Figure 1.SScEntry logo.Methods:SScEntry is a smartphone/tablet app designed by rheumatology and computer science engineering specialists in close partnership [3]. A carefully designed user interface (UI), inspired to a social network wall, allows annotating the evolution of symptoms by means of standard clinical investigation methods such as scientifically validated questionnaires. The UI facilitates data collection through speech-based interaction as well as touch and gestures optimized for patients with finger skin lesions and joints impairments. User engagement over the course of time is fostered by: follow-up reminders to update information on the evolution of past events and periodic questionnaires for general health assessment; the integration of symptom photos taken with on-device camera and health data collected from wearable devices; gamification features. Privacy and security have been a primary design concern, with app access protection and full on-device data encryption; no personal data transmission occurs without explicit user consent. SScEntry generates a disease activity summary report, for displaying to the physician during visit or emailing/printing.Results:SScEntry is ready for Android and iOS smartphones and tablets. All planned features have been implemented (Figure 2). Currently supported languages are English and Italian. Areas of interest include vascular, cutaneous, articular, visceral (gastro-intestinal and cardio-pulmonary) as well as relationship, sexual and working life.Figure 2.SScEntry features.Conclusion:Novel Narrative-based Medicine approaches are getting increasing attention to enhance the mutual understanding between patient and physician, reinforcing the therapeutic adherence at the core of healthcare. This is particularly important with chronic and disabling diseases like SSc. Involving patients in disease management with SScEntry will increase their compliance and confidence, with benefits on psychological well-being. Expected benefits for rheumatologists include better evaluation of target therapy and outcomes, as no data on disease activity is lost during the patient clinical history.References:[1]J. Varga et al. (2017) Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: recent insights of molecular and cellular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. J Scleroderma Relat Disord 2:137–52.[2]L. Mouthon et al. (2017) Patients’ views and needs about systemic sclerosis and its management: a qualitative interview study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18(1):230.[3]M. Bradway et al. (2015) Mobile Health: empowering patients and driving change. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 26(3):114-117.Disclosure of Interests:Emanuela Praino: None declared, Floriano Scioscia: None declared, Crescenzio Scioscia: None declared, Giuseppe Loseto: None declared, Filippo Gramegna: None declared, Saverio Ieva: None declared, Agnese Pinto: None declared, Michele Ruta: None declared, Eugenio Di Sciascio: None declared, Giovanni Lapadula: None declared, Florenzo Iannone Consultant of: Speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, MSD, Speakers bureau: Speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, MSD

The Psychological Well-being of Supporters of the Demented Elderly

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Eagles ◽  
A. Craig ◽  
F. Rawlinson ◽  
D. B. Restall ◽  
J. A. G. Beattie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Stress Scale

Interviews were conducted with the co-resident supporters of 79 elderly subjects. Forty of these elderly subjects had been diagnosed as being demented (20 mildly, 12 moderately and eight severely) following psychiatric assessment. The supporters were screened for psychological well-being with the 60-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Relatives' Stress Scale (RSS). Supporters of demented relatives showed significantly raised levels of stress on the RSS, but no increase in psychiatric morbidity on the GHQ, when compared with the supporters of non-demented relatives. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals CUSTODIAL GRANDPARENTS: AN ANALYSIS OF PARENTING AND ITS IMPACT ON HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S898-S898
Author(s):  
Karen C Clark ◽  
Kari R Lane ◽  
Linda Bullock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Custodial Grandparents ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Custodial Grandmothers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In the United States, there are 2.7 million grandparents raising grandchildren without a biological parent present (U.S. Census, 2014). Caring for grandchildren can present challenges and stressors to custodial grandparents as they find themselves adjusting to this unanticipated role. Despite the growing knowledge base related to custodial grandparents, there has been limited research into the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being. This study was guided by the Parenting Self-Efficacy Theory derived from Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being (anxiety and depression) among custodial grandmothers. Additionally, self-reported general health was examined to determine if it moderated the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being. Sixty-eight custodial grandmothers recruited across the United States participated in the study. Their mean age was 58 years old; 57% were Caucasian, 35% African American, and 3% Hispanic. With a mean income of $26,000.00, most were retired (32%) or working full-time (29%). Participants responded to psychometrically sound instruments measuring anxiety, depression, general health and parenting self-efficacy. Findings indicated parenting self-efficacy scores were not significantly associated with anxiety scores (r = .029; p = .816) or depression scores (r= -.207; p = .090) among participants. Furthermore, general health did not moderate a relationship between parenting self-efficacy, anxiety (R2= .030; p= .5753) or depression (R2= .051; p= .3376). Further research is needed to determine whether the role of parenting self-efficacy in custodial grandparents. Implications for policy will also be discussed

scholarly journals The developmental origins and future implications of dispositional optimism in the transition to adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Renaud ◽  
Erin T Barker ◽  
Charlene Hendricks ◽  
Diane L. Putnick ◽  
Marc H. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Maternal Attachment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Psychological Well Being

Despite the robust link between dispositional optimism and well-being across the lifespan, the developmental origins of dispositional optimism are unknown. Understanding the pathways that lead to greater optimism during the transition from adolescence into young adulthood may be important given that this stage of the life course involves the navigation of multiple simultaneous psychosocial demands. Maternal attachment security may contribute to greater optimism by promoting perceptions of internal control. Participants were 218 European American children (98 females; 120 males), who completed self-report measures across four waves. A path analysis tested the associations between maternal attachment security (ages 10 and 14), locus of control (age 14), dispositional optimism (ages 18 and 23), and psychological well-being (age 23). Tests of indirect effects showed that greater perceptions of internal control at age 14 mediated the association between age 10 maternal attachment security and age 18 dispositional optimism. Age 18 dispositional optimism mediated associations between age 14 internal control and age 23 psychological well-being. Maternal attachment security may promote dispositional optimism through a greater internal locus of control in adolescence. Given that optimism promotes well-being throughout the lifespan, identifying the pathways through which optimism develops may contribute to understanding how to promote well-being.

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