Epidemiological Profile of HIV/AIDS among US-Born and Non-US Born Populations in Massachusetts

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS coinfection with the hepatitis B and C viruses in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
Edgar Merchan-Hamann ◽  
Leila Denise Alves Ferreira Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Probabilistic Record Linkage ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections among AIDS cases reported in Brazil, and to describe the epidemiological profile of these cases. Coinfection was identified through probabilistic record linkage of the data of all patients carrying the HIV virus recorded as AIDS patients and of those patients reported as carriers of hepatitis B or C virus in various databases from the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 1999 to 2010. In this period 370,672 AIDS cases were reported, of which 3,724 were HIV/HBV coinfections. Women are less likely to become coinfected than men and the chance of coinfection increases with age. This study allowed an important evaluation of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV coinfections in Brazil using information obtained via merging secondary databases from the Ministry of Health, without conducting seroprevalence research. The findings of this study might be important for planning activities of the Brazilian epidemiologic surveillance agencies.

Pulmonary hypertension: definitions, classification, diagnosis, and management

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1200-1204
Author(s):  
Anastase Dzudie ◽  
Friedrich Thienemann
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating, progressive disease associated with increasingly debilitating symptoms and a poor prognosis due to narrowing of the pulmonary vasculature and consequential right heart failure. The epidemiological profile of pulmonary hypertension across the world is largely unknown. However, recent reports suggest that the incidence in developing countries is higher than in high-income countries due to a higher prevalence of antecedent risk factors and contributory diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis. HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic affecting approximately 37 million people. When HIV infection is diagnosed early and combination antiretroviral therapy is initiated in time, most patients experience acceptable immune recovery and can reach normal life expectancy. With the decline of HIV-related morbidity and mortality and increased life expectancy, non-HIV-related conditions and HIV-associated cardiovascular disease such as pulmonary hypertension continue to rise in this cohort. This chapter describes the burden, pathogenesis, and impact of combination antiretroviral therapy on HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of patients co-infected with visceral leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS in Northeast, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graça Maria de Castro Viana ◽  
Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva ◽  
João Victor de Sousa Garcia ◽  
Helaine Dias Guimarães ◽  
Gelson Farias Arcos Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

Clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with hiv/aids hospitalized at the hospital for reference in the state of Bahia, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Soares Amorim ◽  
Denismar Borges Miranda ◽  
Renata Campos Simões Cabral ◽  
Ana Verônica Mascarenhas Batista
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with HIV/AIDS hospitalized at the Hospital for Reference in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Method: a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. The sample comprised of patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of HIV/AIDS in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, from January to December 2008; the data was obtained from medical records upon approval by the Committee for Ethics in Research of Hospital Couto Maia (protocol 15/2009). Results: for the 194 patients studied, the average age was 37.8 years, ± 10.7 years. The predominant age group was 21 to 50 years old, which represented 87.5% of the all patients. Prior to hospitalization, about 150 patients were already diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and 54 were in regular use of antiretroviral therapy. Diarrhea, toxoplasmosis and esophageal candidiasis were the most common opportunistic diseases encountered. The average CD4 was 82 cells/mm3, ranging from 7 to 1,099. Of the 194 patients studied, 65 (33.5%) died and the highest mortality rates were attributed to Kaposi's sarcoma (75.0%) and toxoplasmosis (42.2%). Conclusions: the clinical and epidemiological profile of the patients with HIV/AIDS analyzed consists of young heterosexuals adult males, who were diagnosed previously to their hospitalization and whose main reason for hospitalization was related to opportunistic diseases. Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health profile; aids-related opportunistic infections.RESUMOObjetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes internados com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Referência do Estado da Bahia. Método: estudo descritivo retrospectivo, de corte transversal. A amostra foi composta pelos pacientes internados no hospital de referência no tratamento de HIV/AIDS da cidade de Salvador-Ba, entre janeiro a dezembro de 2008; os dados foram obtidos de prontuários médicos após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Couto Maia com protocolo 15/2009. Resultados: dos 194 pacientes, observou-se média de idade de 37,8 anos ± 10,7 anos. Predominou faixa etária entre 21 e 50 anos somando 87,5% dos pacientes. Cerca de 150 pacientes tinham diagnóstico prévio à internação e 54 estavam em uso regular de TARV na admissão. Diarréia, neurotoxoplasmose e candidíase esofágica foram as doenças oportunistas mais freqüentes. A mediana de CD4 foi de 82 variando de 7-1.099 células/mm3. Observou-se que, 65 (33,5%) foram a óbito e as maiores taxas de letalidade foram atribuídas ao Sarcoma de Kaposi (75,0%) e neurotoxoplasmose (42,2%). Conclusão: o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS internados em estudo é composto por adultos jovens, do gênero masculino, heterossexuais que possuíam diagnóstico prévio a internação, cujo principal motivo de internação esteve relacionado à doença oportunista. Descritores: síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; perfil de saúde; infecções oportunistas relacionadas com a aids.RESUMENObjetivo: describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA en el hospital de referencia del estado de Bahía, Brasil. Método: estudio retrospectivo observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra se compone de los pacientes ingresados en el hospital para el tratamiento del VIH/SIDA, en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil, entre enero y diciembre de 2008; los datos se obtuvieron a partir de los registros médicos seguidamente a la aprobación por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Hospital Couto Maia (protocolo 15/2009). Resultados: de los 194 pacientes estudiados la edad promedio fue de 37,8 años ± 10,7 años. El grupo de edad predominante fue de 21 a 50 años, lo que representa 87,5% del total de pacientes. Alrededor de 150 pacientes fueron diagnosticados antes de la admisión y 54 hacían uso regular de la terapia antirretroviral cuando del ingreso. Se observó que la diarrea, toxoplasmosis y candidiasis esofágica fueron las enfermedades oportunistas más frecuentes. El promedio de CD4 fue de 82 células/mm3, entre 7 y 1.099. De los 194 pacientes estudiados, 65 (33,5%) fallecieron y las tasas de mortalidad más altas se atribuyen al sarcoma de Kaposi (75,0%) y toxoplasmosis (42,2%). Conclusiones: el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA analizados se compone de jóvenes adultos, hombres, heterosexuales, que habían sido diagnosticados previamente a la hospitalización y cuyo principal motivo para el ingreso en el hospital estaba relacionado con enfermedades oportunistas. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; perfil de salud; infecciones oportunistas relacionadas con la sida.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly with HIV/AIDS

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (spe1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno ◽  
Dayana Souza Fram ◽  
Ruth Ester Assayag Batista ◽  
Dulce Aparecida Barbosa ◽  
Angélica Gonçalves Silva Belasco
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

OBJECTIVES: Assess the knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly with HIV/AIDS served in a specialized ambulatory clinic; and identify the epidemiological profile of these patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study with a sample of 148 people aged 50 years and over. The Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale was used to assess the knowledge and the attitudes about sexuality of the elderly. RESULTS: The study included 148 elderly, male gender (63.5%), single (30.5%), retired and pensioners (53%), low socioeconomic class (60%), only 21% have completed the Secondary Education, monthly family income 3.3 minimum wages, time since diagnosis 156 months and predominant form of infection via sexual (66.2%). ASKAS knowledge score was 32.2 and attitudes score was 15.5. There was significant association between the knowledge ASKAS with the female gender, being a widow and more than one comorbidity; and between the attitudes ASKAS with complete Secondary Education and physical activity. CONCLUSION: Patients with HIV/AIDS showed favorable knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly, and women that were housewives showed significant knowledge.

scholarly journals Tracking: emergency method or health vigilance in the retention of patients living with HIV/AIDS?

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01106
Author(s):  
Hermann-Désiré Lallié ◽  
Nicole Dakoury ◽  
Nesma Nekkal ◽  
Faiçal El Hattimy ◽  
Eric Komena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Excellent Method ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

There were 1.7 million HIV/AIDS-related deaths worldwide. The low retention of patients in care was a hindrance to their treatment. The objective of this study was to establish the epidemiological profile of patients, to implement “tracking” and to evaluate its effectiveness. This is a descriptive and analytical retrospective study of all patients living with HIV/AIDS enrolled from 2004 to 2012 by the non-governmental organization ACONDA-VSCI. It consisted of a series of phone calls and home visits. Results showed that 71% of the 51.703 patients enrolled were female with a sex-ratio (F/M) of 2.5. The average age of patients was 33±13 years. 47% of the patients enrolled had an unknown vital status in 2011 and only 42% of them had a telephone number. In addition, 11% of patients with unknown vital status were contacted and reintegrated into the care system. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the lack of awareness of status in patients was related to elevated CD4s, and having spent more than three years in a health center. On the other hand, being in a relationship and living in a rural area was a protective factor against the lack of knowledge of status. At the end of this study, it appears that the tracking method is an excellent method of combating the loss of sight of patients. However, it must be carried out routinely as a method of health vigilance and not a health emergency.

scholarly journals SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA: UMA ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CRICIÚMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-248
Author(s):  
Luana Rosso ◽  
Mariá Vaz Franco Martins ◽  
Maria Tereza Soratto ◽  
Ivanir Prá da Silva Thomé ◽  
Rozilda Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The City ◽  
Hiv Aids

A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa sistêmica de evolução crônica e muitas vezes assintomática, transmitida principalmente por via sexual e vertical. O estudo em questão trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo de natureza quantitativa e documental, a coleta de dados se deu no Programa de Atenção Municipal as DST/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) do município de Criciúma, através de pesquisa documental com base nos dados da Vigilância Epidemiológico do SINAN com o objetivo de investigar os casos de sífilis congênita no município. Através da pesquisa pode-se perceber que entre os anos de 2015 e 2016 constatou 3,7% do total de casos pesquisados chegaram a óbito, dos RN nascidos com sífilis 51,9% foram assintomáticos e 3,8% sintomáticos, os demais não apresentaram características. Do total de gestantes, 66,6% realizou pré-natal e foram diagnosticadas a partir do mesmo, possibilitando o tratamento. Para que haja uma menor prevalência de casos de sífilis é necessário que os profissionais da saúde adotem, além das políticas públicas já disponíveis outros hábitos que levem ao alcance de todas as classes de gestantes, para evitar mais casos de sífilis.Palavras-chave: Gestantes. Sífilis Congênita. Recém-Nascidos. Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. CONGENITAL SYPHILIS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN THE CITY OF CRICIÚMA ABSTRACT: Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease of chronic evolution and often asymptomatic, transmitted mainly through sexual and vertical. The study in question it is a cross-sectional study, retrospective, descriptive quantitative and documentary nature, data collection took place in the Attention the Municipal STD/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) of the city of Criciúma, through documentary research based on Epidemiological Surveillance data from SINAN aiming to investigate the cases of congenital syphilis in the municipality. Through research you can notice that between the years 2015 and 2016 found 3.7% of total cases surveyed came to death, the RN born with syphilis 51.9% 3.8% were asymptomatic and symptomatic, the others did not show characteristics. Of the total of 66.6% pregnant women, prenatal and conducted were diagnosed from the same, allowing the treatment. So there is a lower prevalence of syphilis cases is necessary that health professionals adopt, in addition to the already available public policies other habits that lead to reach of all classes of pregnant women, to prevent more cases of syphilis.Keywords: Pregnant women. Congenital Syphilis. Newborns. Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Epidemiological profile of patients attending an outpatient HIV/AIDS

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1744
Author(s):  
Renata Campos Simões Cabral ◽  
Marco Aurélio Soares Amorim ◽  
Denismar Borges Miranda ◽  
Ana Verônica Mascarenhas Batista ◽  
Maria Eliane Liégio Matão
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Toxoplasmic Encephalitis ◽  
Opportunistic Disease ◽  
Infection Patient ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the epidemiological profile of patients with HIV/AIDS outpatients in a referral hospital for the treatment of this disease. Method: a descriptive epidemiological study based on chart review of patients. Data were collected from all patients with confirmed diagnosis of HIV/AIDS enrolled in the period 2003 to 2007; protocol approval by the Ethics in Research of Hospital Couto Maia, number 15/2009. Results: of 135 patients, mean age 40 years ± 10 years and 2,3:1,0 ratio between men and women. There was a predominance of the fourth and fifth decade of age by adding 87 (63.8%) patients, low education, unmarried, heterosexual, smokers and alcoholics. The non-use of drugs and condoms in sexual relations also prevailed. 71.9% were in the triple antiretroviral therapy. Toxoplasmic encephalitis, diarrhea, meningitis, tuberculosis, herpes zoster and pneumonia were the causes of hospitalization frenquentes more. The average of opportunistic infection/patient was 1.88 ± 1.11. Conclusions: individuals with a predominance of male gender, low socio-economic status, heterosexual, smokers, alcoholics, and most of the attention related to the regular and principal reason for admission to opportunistic disease. Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health profile; aids-related opportunistic infectionsRESUMOObjetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS em atendimento ambulatorial de um Hospital de referência no tratamento do agravo. Método: estudo epidemiológico do tipo descritivo, baseado em revisão de prontuário de pacientes. Os dados foram coletados de todos os pacientes com confirmação diagnóstica de HIV/AIDS, matriculados no período de 2003 a 2007; protocolo de aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Couto Maia, número 15/2009. Resultados: dos 135 pacientes, idade média de 40 anos ± 10 anos e razão de 2,3:1,0 entre homens e mulheres. Houve predominância da quarta e quinta década de idade somando 87 (63,8%) dos pacientes, baixo nível de escolaridade, solteiros, heterossexuais, tabagistas e etilistas. O não uso de drogas e de preservativos em relações sexuais também prevaleceram. Em 71,9% usavam esquema triplo de TARV. Toxoplasmic encephalitis, diarrhea, meningitis, turberculosis, herpes zoster and pneumonia were the most frequent causes of hospitalization.A média de infecção oportunista/paciente foi de 1,88 ± 1,11. Conclusões: indivíduos com predomínio do gênero masculino, com baixo nível sócio-econômico, heterossexuais, tabagistas, etilistas, e a grande maioria dos atendidos relacionarem-se às consultas regulares e principal motivo de internação à doença oportunista. Descritores: síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; perfil de saúde; infecções oportunistas relacionadas com a aids.RESUMENObjetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA, los pacientes ambulatorios en un hospital de referencia para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Método: estudio epidemiológico descriptivo basado en revisión de historias clínicas de los pacientes. Se recogieron datos de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de VIH/SIDA matriculados en el período 2003 a 2007, la aprobación del protocolo por la Ética en Investigación del Hospital Couto Maia, número 15/2009. Resultados: de 135 pacientes, edad media 40 años ± 10 años y 2,3:1,0 relación entre hombres y mujeres. Hubo un predominio de la cuarta y quinta década de vida mediante la adición de 87 (63,8%) pacientes, el bajo nivel educativo, solteros, heterosexuales fumadores y alcohólicos. La no utilización de medicamentos y preservativos en las relaciones sexuales también prevaleció. 71,9% estaban en la terapia antirretroviral. Toxoplásmica encefalitis, diarrea, meningitis, tuberculosis, herpes zoster y la neumonía fueron las causas de hospitalización más frenquentes. El promedio de infección oportunista por paciente fue de 1,88 ± 1,11. Conclusiones: los individuos con un predominio del sexo masculino, la baja condición socio-económica, heterosexuales fumadores, alcohólicos, y la mayoría de la atención relacionadas con el motivo ordinarios y principales de ingreso a las enfermedades oportunistas. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; perfil de salud; infecciones oportunistas relacionadas con sida.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4858
Author(s):  
Megh S. Dhakad ◽  
Ravinder Kaur ◽  
Ritu Goyal ◽  
Preena Bhalla ◽  
Richa Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Clinical research in fungal infections is largely a neglected area in health care settings in India. Candida species cause diseases ranging from mucosal infections to systemic mycoses depending on host’s immune status. Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinico-epidemiological profile of candidiasis, and their correlation with an immunological profile in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods: Clinical details and investigations of 200 symptomatic, confirmed HIV-positive patients, suspected of having candidiasis were recorded and analyzed. Relevant clinical samples depending on the organ system involved were collected and subjected to direct microscopy, culture isolation and serology. Identification and speciation of the isolates was done by biochemical methods as per standard recommended procedures. CD4-count was determined by flow cytometry using Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter Count system.Results: Patients ranged from 17-65 years with a mean age of 33.83±9.07 years. Most common clinical presentations were seen to be white oral patches (82%), weight loss (79%), fever (67%), loss of appetite (53%), headache (51.5%), cough (38.5%) and diarrhea (30%).  Gastrointestinal system (35%) was the most commonly involved system. The CD4-counts ranged from 16-1033 cells/μl. 93 (46.5%) patients had CD4-counts <200 cells/μl, while CD4-count <100 cells/μl was seen in 40 (20%) and CD4-count <50 cells/μl in 20 (10%). Candidiasis was detected in 60% of the patients. Yeasts isolated were C. albicans (82.51%), C. tropicalis (6.29%), C. krusei (4.89%), C. parapsilosis (3.49%), and C. glabrata (2.79%).Conclusions: C. albicans was predominant species and presence of oral candidiasis is a matter of concern. Early and accurate diagnosis of candidiasis is one of the keys helps for the success of effective HIV/AIDS disease management. 

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