Stress, Self-Care, and Barriers to Wellness in Graduate Psychology Students: Sex Differences and Interrelationships

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abere J. Sawaqdeh ◽  
Nabil El-Ghoroury ◽  
Daniel I. Galper
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Graduate Psychology Students

CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE OF CONFIDENCE INTERVALS IN PSYCHOLOGY UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
NOELLE M. CROOKS ◽  
ANNA N. BARTEL ◽  
MARTHA W. ALIBALI
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Statistics Education ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
P Values ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Graduate Psychology Students

In recent years, there have been calls for researchers to report and interpret confidence intervals (CIs) rather than relying solely on p-values. Such reforms, however, may be hindered by a general lack of understanding of CIs and how to interpret them. In this study, we assessed conceptual knowledge of CIs in undergraduate and graduate psychology students. CIs were difficult and prone to misconceptions for both groups. Connecting CIs to estimation and sample mean concepts was associated with greater conceptual knowledge of CIs. Connecting CIs to null hypothesis  significance testing, however, was not associated with conceptual knowledge of CIs. It may therefore be beneficial to focus on estimation and sample mean concepts in instruction about CIs. First published May 2019 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives

Belief in Supernatural Phenomena and Locus of Control

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick J. Scheidt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Attitude Questionnaire ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Superstitious Beliefs

It is hypothesized that Rotter's I-E variable mediates individual differences in supernatural and superstitious beliefs, with externals exhibiting more positive attitudes toward such phenomena. An approximately equal number of male and female introductory psychology students were selected as externals ( N = 20) and internals ( N = 23) from upper and lower quartiles of the Rotter I-E scale. All Ss were administered an attitude questionnaire assessing beliefs toward several paranormal, occult, and pseudoscientific phenomena. Analysis via a 2 × 2 (I-E Control × Sex) analysis of variance strongly confirmed the hypothesis ( p < .01). Although not predicted, females, regardless of I-E status, were much more favorably disposed toward such phenomena than males ( p < .01). Differences in more general attitudes toward both religion and science are suggested as mediating the over-all I-E and sex differences.

Improving Graduate Student Seminar Presentations through Training

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Student ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Training Workshop ◽  
School Year ◽  
Graduate Psychology Students

A training program to improve graduate psychology students' seminar presentations is described. The skills to be trained were derived from critical incident interviews with professors and included aspects of verbal and nonverbal behavior, time management, use of visual aids, providing information, and facilitating discussion. A behavior modeling learning design was used to teach the skills in a 1-day training workshop led by psychology professors. The training included an opportunity for students to practice the skills and receive video, peer, and instructor feedback. The training was evaluated favorably through professors' evaluations of student seminar presentations in classes and by students surveyed immediately after training and at the end of the school year.

scholarly journals Exploring differences in Canadian adult men and women with Diabetes management: results from the Canadian Community Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret De Melo ◽  
Eric de Sa ◽  
Enza Gucciardi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Human Cost

Background Over two million Canadians are known to have diabetes. In addition to the economic burden placed on the healthcare system, the human cost associated with diabetes poses a heavy burden on those living with diabetes. The literature shows that apparent differences exist in diabetes complications and diabetes management between men and women. How self-care management and utilization of health services differ by sex is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore sex differences in diabetes self-care and medical management in the Canadian population, using a nationally representative sample. Methods Data collected from the cross-sectional, population-based Canadian Community Health Survey (2007–2008) were used in these analyses. A bootstrap variance estimation method and bootstrap weights provided by Statistics Canada were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate analyses identified variables of interest between females and males that were used in subsequent multivariate analyses. Results A total of 131,959 respondents were surveyed for the years of 2007 and 2008, inclusive. Fully adjusted multinomial and logistic regression analyses revealed sex differences for those living with diabetes. Compared to men with diabetes, women were more likely to be in the lowest income quintiles than the highest (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.6) and were more likely not to have a job in the previous week (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.4-2.4). Women were also more likely to avoid foods with fats or high calories (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.0 and OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.6-3.0, respectively), to be concerned about heart disease (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), and to be non-smokers (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.6-3.0). However, despite their increased concern, women checked their blood-glucose less frequently on a daily basis than men (μwomen = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.7-1.8; μmen = 3.1, 95% CI: 2.9-3.2). Women were more likely to have an anxiety disorder (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.7-3.2) and a mood disorder (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.8-3.1), and more likely to be physically inactive (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.8). Conclusions Our findings underscore the importance of addressing sex differences which may interfere with diabetes self-care. In women, addressing socioeconomic and psychological barriers, as well as limitations to active living are important; in men, the benefit of more effective nutrition therapy and smoking cessation interventions are suggested. The results for this study highlight the need to further investigate and eliminate disparities between the sexes in order to optimize health outcomes among Canadians with diabetes.

scholarly journals 1171 Commonly Encountered Yet Not Confident: Graduate Psychology Students’ Experience and Confidence Managing Sleep Disturbances

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A447-A447
Author(s):  
H Meaklim ◽  
M Monfries ◽  
I C Rehm ◽  
M Junge ◽  
L J Meltzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Graduate Psychology Students ◽  
Psychology Training Programs ◽  
Strongly Agree

Abstract Introduction Trainee psychologists receive minimal sleep education during graduate psychology training programs, despite the frequent co-occurrence of sleep disturbances in mental health conditions. This study aimed to explore graduate psychology students’ experience working with sleep disturbances and their perceived skills and confidence to assess and treat sleep problems in clinical practice. Methods Australian graduate psychology students (N = 163) completed a novel survey developed specifically for the study, inquiring about their experience, skills and confidence to manage sleep disturbances in clinical practice. Students perceived skills to manage sleep disturbances were recorded on a 7-point Likert scale, where 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ and 7 = ‘strongly agree’. Students’ confidence to treat specific sleep disorders was also recorded. Results Sixty-eight percent of students reported having already worked with a client who experienced a sleep disturbance as part of their training. However, students’ perceived skills to assess and treat sleep disturbances were low. Only 14.9% ‘agreed’ or ‘strongly agreed’ that they had the skills to assess and diagnose common sleep disorders (M = 3.22, SD = 1.75). Similarly, less than a quarter of students ‘agreed’ or ‘strongly agreed’ that they felt comfortable using common sleep-related assessments (23.7%; M = 3.56, SD = 1.96) or empirically-supported interventions for sleep disturbances (22.6%; M = 3.71, SD = 1.83). The majority of students reported they were ‘not confident at all’ to treat parasomnias (80.3%); hypersomnias (77.9%); OSA (71.3%); circadian rhythm disorders (50%) or insomnia (41%). Conclusion Graduate psychology students report low levels of confidence in assessing and managing sleep disturbances in clinical practice, despite over two-thirds of students already working with clients experiencing sleep difficulties. Clinical training in the management of sleep disturbances is required for graduate psychology students. Support N/A

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