The effects of circular and linear time orientations on personal savings estimates and savings behavior

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Tam ◽  
Utpal Dholakia ◽  
Hanie Lee
Keyword(s):  
Linear Time ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Personal Savings

Is Savings Automation Helpful to Liquid Savings? It Depends on Whether You Have a Savings Habit

2020 ◽  
pp. 074391562095021
Author(s):  
Casey Newmeyer ◽  
Dee Warmath ◽  
Genevieve E. O’Connor ◽  
Nancy Wong
Keyword(s):  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Financial Shocks ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Constraints ◽  
Personal Savings

In general, Americans are not savers, which contributes to their inability to absorb even small financial shocks and increases their potential for financial hardship. Savings automation has been promoted as a solution to overcome the behavioral constraints (or limitations) that hinder individual savings behavior. The result has been a proliferation of automated savings programs with the goal of helping people save money without their notice as a way to overcome their tendency to consume. However, scant research has examined the efficacy of this “save people from themselves” approach. This article explores the importance of having a saver mindset, regardless of income, in the success of savings automation. Results from two studies demonstrate that the benefits of automation for liquid savings accrue at a higher rate for individuals with lower incomes and that this benefit depends on the presence of a personal savings orientation. The findings suggest that savings programs should try to build a savings habit and mindset among consumers, especially for those with lower incomes.

A Real Time Control Architecture for Continuously Managing Patients in a Care Unit

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 475-488
Author(s):  
B. Seroussi ◽  
J. F. Boisvieux ◽  
V. Morice
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Representation ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Continuous Support ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Computerized System

Abstract:The monitoring and treatment of patients in a care unit is a complex task in which even the most experienced clinicians can make errors. A hemato-oncology department in which patients undergo chemotherapy asked for a computerized system able to provide intelligent and continuous support in this task. One issue in building such a system is the definition of a control architecture able to manage, in real time, a treatment plan containing prescriptions and protocols in which temporal constraints are expressed in various ways, that is, which supervises the treatment, including controlling the timely execution of prescriptions and suggesting modifications to the plan according to the patient’s evolving condition. The system to solve these issues, called SEPIA, has to manage the dynamic, processes involved in patient care. Its role is to generate, in real time, commands for the patient’s care (execution of tests, administration of drugs) from a plan, and to monitor the patient’s state so that it may propose actions updating the plan. The necessity of an explicit time representation is shown. We propose using a linear time structure towards the past, with precise and absolute dates, open towards the future, and with imprecise and relative dates. Temporal relative scales are introduced to facilitate knowledge representation and access.

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