Folk theories of intelligence: When should teaching begin

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lancy
Keyword(s):  
Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Folk Theories

scholarly journals Intelligence and culture: how culture shapes what intelligence means, and the implications for a science of well–being

2004 ◽  
Vol 359 (1449) ◽  
pp. 1427-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sternberg ◽  
Elena L. Grigorenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Folk Theories ◽  
Successful Intelligence ◽  
Main Message ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discusses the relationship between culture and intelligence. The main message of the paper is that intelligence cannot fully or even meaningfully be understood outside its cultural context. Behaviour that is considered intelligent in one culture may be considered unintelligent in another culture, and vice versa . Moreover, people in different cultures have different implicit (folk) theories of intelligence, so may not even mean the same thing by the word. The relationships between different aspects of intelligence can vary across cultures, with correlations that are positive in one setting proving to be negative in another. The paper opens with a general discussion of issues regarding the relationship between the two concepts. It then describes the theory of successful intelligence, which motivates our work on the interface between culture and intelligence. Finally, the article draws some conclusions.

Examining the Effects of Task Instructions to Induce Implicit Theories of Intelligence on a Rational Thinking Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Bråten ◽  
Andreas Lien ◽  
John Nietfeld
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Task Instruction ◽  
Rational Thinking ◽  
Implicit Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Entity Theory ◽  
Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Theory Of Intelligence ◽  
Task Instructions ◽  
Culture Specificity

Abstract. In two experiments with Norwegian undergraduates and one experiment with US undergraduates, we examined the potential effects of brief task instructions aligned with incremental and entity views of intelligence on students’ performance on a rational thinking task. The research demonstrated that even brief one-shot task instructions that deliver a mindset about intelligence intervention can be powerful enough to affect students’ performance on such a task. This was only true for Norwegian male students, however. Moreover, it was the task instruction aligned with an entity theory of intelligence that positively affected Norwegian male students’ performance on the rational thinking task, with this unanticipated finding speaking to the context- and culture-specificity of implicit theories of intelligence interventions.

Interpreting encoding fluency: How naive theories of intelligence influence JOLs

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Miele ◽  
Bridgid Finn ◽  
Daniel C. Molden ◽  
Janet Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Naive Theories

scholarly journals Investigating the Structure of Intelligence Using Latent Variable and Psychometric Network Modeling: A Commentary and Reanalysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Schmank ◽  
Sara Anne Goring ◽  
Kristof Kovacs ◽  
Andrew R. A. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Mental Ability ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
General Mental Ability ◽  
Theories Of Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Model Preference

In a recent publication in the Journal of Intelligence, Dennis McFarland mischaracterized previous research using latent variable and psychometric network modeling to investigate the structure of intelligence. Misconceptions presented by McFarland are identified and discussed. We reiterate and clarify the goal of our previous research on network models, which is to improve compatibility between psychological theories and statistical models of intelligence. WAIS-IV data provided by McFarland were reanalyzed using latent variable and psychometric network modeling. The results are consistent with our previous study and show that a latent variable model and a network model both provide an adequate fit to the WAIS-IV. We therefore argue that model preference should be determined by theory compatibility. Theories of intelligence that posit a general mental ability (general intelligence) are compatible with latent variable models. More recent approaches, such as mutualism and process overlap theory, reject the notion of general mental ability and are therefore more compatible with network models, which depict the structure of intelligence as an interconnected network of cognitive processes sampled by a battery of tests. We emphasize the importance of compatibility between theories and models in scientific research on intelligence.

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