Development of a cultural adaptation and adjustment scale--revised: The persisting issue of cultural validity

The Pathological Narcissism Inventory: Measurement Invariance Across Serbian and USA Samples and Further Validation

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000537 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 670-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bojana M. Dinić ◽

Aleksandar Vujić

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Order Structure ◽

Pathological Narcissism ◽

Cultural Validity ◽

Hypersensitive Narcissism ◽

The Hierarchical Structure ◽

The Usa ◽

Pathological Narcissism Inventory ◽

Narcissistic Grandiosity

Abstract. The aim of this research was to explore measurement invariance across samples from Serbia and the USA (Study 1) and to further validate the Serbian adaptation of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory – PNI (Study 2). The results supported the original seven-factor first-order structure as well as the hierarchical structure of the PNI with Narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability as the second-order factors. Further, scalar invariance between the two versions of the PNI was achieved. Relations between Narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability and other measures of grandiose and hypersensitive narcissism supported the validity of their scores. Among HEXACO traits, both Narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability showed substantial negative correlations with Honesty-Humility. The main distinctions between the two aspects of narcissism lie in the positive relations with Neuroticism and negative relations with self-esteem, both of which are higher for Narcissistic vulnerability. The results support good psychometric properties of the PNI scores and add to the PNI’s cross-cultural validity.

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The Beck Hopelessness Scale

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000240 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marianna Szabó ◽

Veronika Mészáros ◽

Judit Sallay ◽

Gyöngyi Ajtay ◽

Viktor Boross ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binary Data ◽

Factor Model ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Validity ◽

Beck Hopelessness Scale ◽

Method Effects ◽

Hungarian Population ◽

Components Analysis

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to examine the construct and cross-cultural validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck, Weissman, Lester, & Trexler, 1974 ). Beck et al. applied exploratory Principal Components Analysis and argued that the scale measured three specific components (affective, motivational, and cognitive). Subsequent studies identified one, two, three, or more factors, highlighting a lack of clarity regarding the scale’s construct validity. In a large clinical sample, we tested the original three-factor model and explored alternative models using both confirmatory and exploratory factor analytical techniques appropriate for analyzing binary data. In doing so, we investigated whether method variance needs to be taken into account in understanding the structure of the BHS. Our findings supported a bifactor model that explicitly included method effects. We concluded that the BHS measures a single underlying construct of hopelessness, and that an incorporation of method effects consolidates previous findings where positively and negatively worded items loaded on separate factors. Our study further contributes to establishing the cross-cultural validity of this instrument by showing that BHS scores differentiate between depressed, anxious, and nonclinical groups in a Hungarian population.

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