The Impact on the Therapist of Traumatic Memory: Countertransference and Vicarious Traumatization

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Anne Pearlman
Keyword(s):  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The risk of vicarious trauma among front-line and non-front-line midwives and nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Süleyman Cemil Oğlak ◽  
Mehmet Obut
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Vicarious Trauma ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of caring with pandemic patients on health care workers who worked in the front line versus their collegues from the same institution who remained in their usual hospital  wards. Material and methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic from June 25, 2020 to July 03, 2020. A total of 107 licensed registered nurses enrolled the study. 58 of them were front-line nurses and 49 of them were nurses remained in their usual wards. All participants evaluated by the vicarious traumatization (VT) evaluation scale. Results: The VT scores of the front-line nurses were significantly higher than those of the non-front-line nurses (p<0.001). When the domains in the VT score were evaluated, it was seen that the psychological responses and physiological responses of the front-line nurses were significantly higher compared to the non-front-line nurses (p<0.001). Conclusion: Medical staff working on the FL for Covid-19 patients had higher scores of vicarious traumatization compared to medical staff serving in their usual wards. The challenges of prolonged care of Covid-19 patients will put pressure on these professionals, and the leadership must emphasize the importance of medical staff mental health for the better control of the pandemic.

Sopravvivenza e ripresa: riflessioni psicoanalitiche

GRUPPI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Anna Ornstein
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Dialogue ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Empathic Listening ◽  
Psychological Organization ◽  
The Impact

- In response to a concern that the impact of the Holocaust will not be recognized by psychotherapists treating survivors, several psychoanalysts who were refugees from Nazi Germany devoted a great deal of time and effort to detailing the psychopathological consequences of the Holocaust trauma. Considering the magnitude of the trauma, it was not difficult to find evidence of psychopathology. However, because of their almost exclusive emphasis on psychopathology, most of these researchers failed to recognize the particular manner in which survivors mourned their enormous losses and made an effort to integrate their painful memories into the rest of their personality. This meant the loss of an opportunity to learn about the process of recovery following severe traumatization. The paper also described a hypothesis regarding the psychological mechanisms involved in adaptations to extreme conditions. From the author's point of view, this constituted a link in the survivors' effort to establish psychic continuity between their pre-Holocaust psychological organization and adaptations to a new life. Unlike her colleagues, the author believes that integration of traumatic memories was possible as long as the survivors encountered an empathic listening perspective and their effort to recover was validated. Survivors of trauma have every reason to expect that their stories will evoke fear, confusion, horror and disbelief and that therapists will protect themselves from these affects by resorting to generalizations or praise for the survivor's heroism or special qualities. Such responses however make it impossible for survivors to proceed, and the affects associated with the traumatic memory may never, or only partially, enter the therapeutic dialogue. Once recovered and articulated, the memories are accompanied by grief and anger, indicating that an increase in self-cohesion, a healing of the vertical split, has allowed the previously feared affects to enter consciousness. From the author's viewpoint, feeling anger is an expectable and healthy response in this context. Justified anger is not to be confused with chronic narcissistic rage, which can constitute the nucleus of severe personality disorders.Key words: Holocaust, trauma, traumatic memories, adaptation, integration, empathic listening.Parole chiave: Olocausto, trauma, ricordi traumatici, adattamento, integrazione, ascolto empatico.

scholarly journals The act of documenting: Joshua Oppenheimer’s The Act of Killing

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
Cristina Demaria ◽  
Patrizia Violi
Keyword(s):  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Body Images ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Semiotic Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opaque Context

The case study considered by the authors of this article is a peculiar example of a documentary that intervened in the landscape of democratization conflicts in the opaque context of current democracy in Indonesia. Half a century after the genocide, the film reopens the memory of a terrible and non- elaborated past, questioning the impact of the genocide in a difficult democratization process. Is it possible to move from an authoritarian regime that infected and corrupted all aspects of civil coexistence to a new and supposedly more democratic era without working through its traumatic legacy? What role might remorse and forgiveness play in the foundation of a possible new democratic pact? Joshua Oppenheimer’s film, The Act of Killing, confronts all these questions through the documentary use of the Indonesia genocide perpetrators’ words, body images, silences and denials. Engaging the images of this film through a semiotic perspective, the authors interrogate the relationship between aesthetic texts and political emancipating processes, as well as the role of traumatic memory elaboration in the foundation of democratization. Essential for their analysis is the investigation of how moving images are implicated in the imagination and actions of perpetrators, including their possible functions and effects in relation to the audience.

The History and Legacy of the Asaba, Nigeria, Massacres

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elizabeth Bird ◽  
Fraser Ottanelli
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
The West ◽  
Nigerian Civil War ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:In early October 1967, four months into the Nigerian Civil War, federal troops massacred hundreds in Asaba, a town in southeast Nigeria on the west bank of the Niger. While ethnically Igbo, Asaba was not part of Igbo-dominated Biafra. Through the reconstruction of this event, the article fills a significant gap in the historical record and contributes to the discussion on the impact of traumatic memory at the local and national levels. It also suggests that the Asaba massacres speak to larger issues of potential reconciliation that extend beyond Asaba and Nigeria.

scholarly journals Vicarious Traumatization: The Impact of Nursing upon Nurses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lesley Davies
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
The Impact

<p>The aims of this research were to explore mental health nurses' knowledge and experience of vicarious traumatization (VT). Literature linking mental health nursing and VT is sparse. VT is an enduring trauma that affects those who engage empathically across time and with different patients. Mental health nurses form ongoing therapeutic relationships with patients to foster healing. This empathic engagement leaves nurses vulnerable to VT. This project is qualitatively designed using narrative enquiry with in-depth, semistructured interviews of mental health nurses. Data gathered was thematically analysed and four main themes identified: the impact of VT; self-knowledge/self-awareness; self-care; and burnout. Participants in this study felt unprepared for the negative impact of mental health nursing and learned of VT 'on the job'. My recommendations include education on identifying VT, and self-care, including clinical supervision, to ameliorate the effects of VT. Further research is needed to explore the links between VT and mental health nursing.</p>

scholarly journals Internalizing Early Memories of Shame and Lack of Safeness and Warmth: The Mediating Role of Shame on Depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Matos ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia ◽  
Cristiana Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Early Memories ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Background:Growing evidence supports the association between early memories of shame and lack of safeness and current shame and depression. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether shame serves as a mediator between such early memories and depressive symptoms.Aims:This study aimed at testing whether the impact of shame traumatic memory, centrality of shame memory, early memories of warmth and safeness (predictors), on depressive symptoms (outcome) would be mediated by current external and internal shame.Method:Student participants (N= 178) recalled an early shame experience and completed self-report instruments measuring centrality and traumatic characteristics of the shame memory, early memories of warmth and safeness, external and internal shame and depressive symptoms.Results:Path analysis’ results revealed that internal shame fully mediated the relationship between shame traumatic memory, centrality of shame memory, and early memories of warmth and safeness, and depression. However, current feelings of external shame, highly linked to internal shame, did not significantly predict depression.Conclusion:These findings shed light on the role of internalizing early shame and lack of safeness memories into a sense of self as globally self-condemning in the vulnerability to experience depressive symptoms.

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