A novel information trail model for information transformation in cognitive work systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini R. Pennathur ◽  
Ann M. Bisantz
Keyword(s):  
Work Systems ◽  
Information Transformation ◽  
Cognitive Work

Introducing Change into Complex Cognitive Work Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 409-412
Author(s):  
Katherine P. Kaste ◽  
Dr. Robert Hoffman ◽  
Dr. Barrett Caldwell ◽  
Capt. Nicholas Kasdaglis ◽  
Dr. Kelly J. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Work Systems ◽  
Cognitive Work

Macrocognitive Models of Expertise

2019 ◽  
pp. 189-218
Author(s):  
Robert J. B. Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Data Frame ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
The World

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief understanding of macrocognition, some of its theoretical and methodological underpinnings, and three examples of macrocognitive models: the recognition-primed decision model, the data–frame model of sensemaking, and the flexecution model of replanning and adaptation. These models are presented to provide the reader with a sense of the character of macrocognitive models, their purpose, and the current evidence which underpins each model. Macrocognitive models are models of experienced, often expert performers, and have been developed primarily from the study of decision making and cognitive work in naturalistic settings, as opposed to well-controlled laboratory experiments. They describe how people manage uncertainty and complexity in the world of work. The limitations and applications of these models are also illustrated in order to provide a future-oriented perspective on how the models might be improved and how they might be applied to support more effective cognitive work and more resilient work systems.

Patterns of interaction with information sources: A case study of a home healthcare admission nurse completing medication-related activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-419
Author(s):  
Elease McLaurin ◽  
Ellen J. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Single Observation ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

A method is presented for understanding how people interact with information sources in complex work environments. The method is based on 1) the importance of focusing on information transformations in cognitive work systems articulated in the information trails model and 2) the concept of mediated actions from activity theory as a framework for systematically describing the activities of a human actor. The method was applied to data from a single observation of a home healthcare nurse completing medication-related activities during an admission visit. During the visit, the nurse provided or obtained information using 21 different action patterns to interact with information sources. Using these action patterns, the complexity of different care activities was inspected. The presented method provides a tool for identifying work system redesign opportunities for improving information flow.

"Complex Sociotechnical Joint Cognitive Work Systems"?

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-c3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Hoffman ◽  
Douglas O. Norman ◽  
Juris Vagners
Keyword(s):  
Work Systems ◽  
Cognitive Work

Two Methods for Control Task Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tab Lamoureux ◽  
Jessica Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Task Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Procedural Guidance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Work Domain

Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA; Vicente, 1999) is a five-step process by which to understand complex and dynamic work systems. We have been employing the first two steps of CWA, Work Domain Analysis (WDA) and Control Task Analysis (CTA) to investigate the development and maintenance of system/environment awareness, typically called ‘picture compilation’. There is little procedural guidance on how to carry out the CTA, and even less discussion of alternative interpretations of the analysis process. This paper describes two different methods of performing CTA that we have successfully employed in the course of our work. The relative strengths and weaknesses of each method are discussed and put into the context of procedural reliability and validity.

Barriers to implementing wrong site surgery guidelines: A cognitive work analysis

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Rogers ◽  
Marta L. Render ◽  
Richard I. Cook ◽  
Robert Bower ◽  
Mark Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Work Analysis ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
Wrong Site Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Wrong Site
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