Do You See What I See? Effects of Communication on Scanning Strategies in Change Detection by Individuals and Teams of Observers

Eye movements during change detection: Implications for search constraints, memory limitations, and scanning strategies

Perception & Psychophysics ◽

10.3758/bf03194463 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 209-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Gregory J. Zelinsky

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Change Detection ◽

Scanning Strategies

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Do You See What I See? Effects of Communication on Scanning Strategies in Change Detection by Individuals and Teams of Observers

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193120705101828 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 51 (18) ◽

pp. 1186-1190

Author(s):

Camilla C. Knott ◽

W. Todd Nelson ◽

Megan K. McCroskey ◽

Brent T. Miller

Keyword(s):

Change Detection ◽

Change Blindness ◽

Command And Control ◽

Movement Data ◽

Path Analyses ◽

High Workload ◽

Military Command ◽

Scanning Strategies ◽

Time Accuracy ◽

And Control

Change blindness results from the absence of attention from the source of a change. Unsurprisingly, change blindness worsens in dual task and high workload conditions. Such is the environment in which teams of operators in military command and control missions operate, yet little is known about change blindness susceptibility in these conditions. A flicker task required individuals and dyads to detect changes under high and low task difficulty. Reaction time, accuracy, and eye movements were examined. Scan path analyses showed that communicating dyads were more efficient at change detection than individuals and non-communicating dyads, but are just as blind to no change. Eye movement data also indicate differences in attention allocation and scan strategies among individuals, communicating, and non-communicating dyads. Implications for adaptive aids and tasks such as tactical command and control are discussed.

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Vivid Imagers Are Better at Detecting Salient Changes

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001.27.4.218 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 218-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Paul Rodway ◽

Karen Gillies ◽

Astrid Schepman

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Change Detection ◽

Visual Imagery ◽

Detection Task ◽

Level Of Detail ◽

Detection Accuracy ◽

Change Detection Task ◽

Term Change ◽

High Level

This study examined whether individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery influenced performance on a novel long-term change detection task. Participants were presented with a sequence of pictures, with each picture and its title displayed for 17 s, and then presented with changed or unchanged versions of those pictures and asked to detect whether the picture had been changed. Cuing the retrieval of the picture's image, by presenting the picture's title before the arrival of the changed picture, facilitated change detection accuracy. This suggests that the retrieval of the picture's representation immunizes it against overwriting by the arrival of the changed picture. The high and low vividness participants did not differ in overall levels of change detection accuracy. However, in replication of Gur and Hilgard (1975) , high vividness participants were significantly more accurate at detecting salient changes to pictures compared to low vividness participants. The results suggest that vivid images are not characterised by a high level of detail and that vivid imagery enhances memory for the salient aspects of a scene but not all of the details of a scene. Possible causes of this difference, and how they may lead to an understanding of individual differences in change detection, are considered.

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