Effects of advanced cockpit displays on general aviation pilots' decisions to continue visual flight rules flight into instrument meteorological conditions

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Johnson ◽  
Douglas Wiegmann ◽  
Christopher Wickens
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Cockpit Displays ◽  
Visual Flight Rules ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Improving Weather Display Interpretation: A Training Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1866-1869
Author(s):  
John Kleber ◽  
Jacqueline McSorley ◽  
Jayde King ◽  
Beth Blickensderfer
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team Approach ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Visual Flight Rules ◽  
Training Modules

Visual flight rules (VFR) operations into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), is one of the deadliest causes of weather-related accidents in the General Aviation (GA) community. Current weather training for GA pilots is inadequate. This paper describes the design and development of three weather training modules and provides research-based recommendations for the development of future training modules for aviation weather. Recommendations include incorporating simulation-based training, utilizing available materials, prioritizing accessibility, accounting for changing technology, maintaining high cognitive fidelity, and using a multidisciplinary team approach.

Challenges Contributing to the General Aviation Weather Problem & Decision Support Systems Technology Recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1771-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayde King ◽  
Yolanda Ortiz ◽  
Beth Blickensderfer ◽  
Emalee Christy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Decision Making Biases ◽  
Aviation Weather

General Aviation (GA) weather related accidents have steadily remained the most fatal accidents and incidents in the GA flight community. The majority of these accidents involve low-experienced Visual Flight Rule (VFR) pilots, inadvertently encountering Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC). Previous research indicates, poor inflight weather avoidance could stem from insufficient preflight weather planning. Further investigation reveals, pilots’ face many challenges during the preflight planning process, including: poor weather product interpretation/ usability, decision making biases and errors, and inadequate aviation weather experience. However, with new technology on the rise, a preflight decision support tool may help guide novice pilots through the preflight process successfully. This paper will discuss the challenges novice pilots encounter during the preflight process and offer recommendations for applying a preflight decision support tool as a solution.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the Localized Aviation MOS Program in Ceiling Flight Category Forecasts

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Douglas Boyd ◽  
Thomas Guinn
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Visual Flight Rules ◽  
Model Output Statistics

(1) Background: Flying in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) carries an elevated risk of fatal outcome for general aviation (GA) pilots. For the typical GA flight, aerodrome-specific forecasts (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF), Localized Aviation Model Output Statistics Program (LAMP)) assist the airman in pre-determining whether a flight can be safely undertaken. While LAMP forecasts are more prevalent at GA-frequented aerodromes, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recommends that this tool be used as supplementary to the TAF only. Herein, the predictive accuracy of LAMP for ceiling flight categories of visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR) was determined. (2) Methods: LAMP accuracy was evaluated for the period of July–December 2018 using aviation-specific probability of detection (PODA), false alarm ratio (FARA) and critical success scores (CSSA). Statistical differences were determined using Chi-Square tests. (3) Results: LAMP forecasts (n = 823) across 39 states were accrued. LAMP PODA for VFR (0.67) and IFR (0.78) exceeded (p < 0.031) the corresponding TAF scores (0.57 and 0.56). For VFR, the LAMP showed a non-significant (p = 0.243) higher FARA (0.25) than the TAF (0.19). For IFR forecasts, the LAMP FARA was lower (p < 0.001) (0.48 and 0.81, respectively). LAMP CSSA scores exceeded the TAF for VFR (p = 0.012) and IFR forecasts (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: These findings support the greater integration of LAMP into pre-flight weather briefings.

The Effect of Financial Incentive on General Aviation Vfr-Into-Imc

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
William Knecht
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Contrast Effect ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Flight Simulator ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Visual Flight Rules ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Two flight simulator studies explored the effects of financial incentive on general aviation pilots' willingness to proceed under visual flight rules flight into adverse weather. Study 1 assessed 60 pilots' takeoff behavior into varying degrees of adverse weather seen immediately at taxiway level. Thirty pilots received straight salary, while 30 received salary plus a bonus contingent on takeoff. Trend emerged in regression analysis for effect of incentive. Study 2 examined 45 pilots' in-flight continuation into weather degrading to zero visibility. Fifteen pilots received straight salary, 15 received salary plus a partial bonus, 15 received salary plus a full bonus. Bonuses were contingent on reaching the assigned destination. Although all pilots diverted before reaching the destination, financial incentive was a powerful stimulant to continuation into IMC ( p = .001). The difference between studies involves an information contrast effect. That is, when conditions deteriorate slowly, a bad situation can develop unnoticed.

scholarly journals Visual Flight into Instrument Meteorological Condition: A Post Accident Analysis

Safety ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayiei Ayiei ◽  
John Murray ◽  
Graham Wild
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Condition ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Flight Experience ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Visual Flight Rules ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Area Of Concern

The phenomenon of encountering instrument meteorological conditions (IMCs) while operating an aircraft under visual flight rules (VFRs) remains a primary area of concern. Studies have established that pilots operating under VFRs that continue to operate under IMCs remains a significant cause of accidents in general aviation (GA), resulting in hundreds of fatalities. This research used the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) database, which contained a total of 196 VFR to IMC occurrences, from 2003 to 2019, with 26 having formal reports. An explanatory design was adopted, commencing with a qualitative study of the 26 occurrences with reports followed by a quantitative study of all 196 occurrences. Factors investigated included the locations and date of the occurrences, involved aircraft (manufacturer, model, type), pilot details (licenses, ratings, h, and medical), number of fatalities, and causal factors. Fisher’s exact tests were used to highlight significant relationships. Results showed occurrences were more likely to end fatally if (1) they involved private operations, (2) pilots only had a night VFR rating, (3) the pilot chose to push on into IMCs, (4) the pilot did not undertake proper preflight planning consulting aviation weather services, and (5) the pilot had more than 500 h of flight experience. Further results showed occurrences were less likely to end fatally if the meteorological condition was clouds without precipitation, if the pilot held a full instrument rating, or the pilot was assisted via radio. Analysis of the data using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) framework revealed that errors and violations occur with slightly greater frequency for fatal occurrences than non-fatal occurrences. Quantitative analyses demonstrated that the number of VFR to IMC occurrences have not decreased even though initiatives have been implemented in an attempt to address the issue.

Situational Awareness and General Aviation Accidents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Kalagher ◽  
Alex de Voogt ◽  
Colin Boulter
Keyword(s):  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Accident Investigation ◽  
Fatal Accidents ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Instrument Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Aircraft Accident

Abstract. Situational awareness is a concept increasingly used in aircraft accident investigation reports. We analyzed 94 general aviation accidents in which situational awareness was mentioned by the National Transportation Safety Board investigator to determine factors that are significantly more often associated with fatality. We found a consistent use of the situational awareness concept, mainly applied to situations in which aircraft inadvertently collided with each other, with other man-made objects, and with various kinds of terrain. A significantly higher proportion of fatal accidents occurred during nighttime, in instrument meteorological conditions, or low visibility conditions. In addition, flights occurring during the cruise phase or in combination with spatial or geographical disorientation proved most often fatal.

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