Type of task practice and time-sharing activities predict performance deficits due to alcohol ingestion

Type of Task Practice and Time-Sharing Activities Predict Performance Deficits Due to Alcohol Ingestion

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193128202601104 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 926-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Arthur D. Fisk ◽

Walter Schneider

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Time Sharing ◽

Performance Deficits ◽

Controlled Processing ◽

Processing Theory ◽

Task Practice ◽

Alcohol Effects ◽

Alcohol Alcohol

Generally speaking, performance declines when humans ingest alcohol; however, there is little precision in predicting alcohol effects. The confusion regarding when and in what situations performance will decline because of alcohol intoxication appears to be due to inappropriate classification of information processes involved in task performance. The present research utilized principles of automatic/controlled processing theory to examine alcohol effects. Performance on tasks performed via automatic processing showed little decrement due to alcohol but large decrements occurred on controlled processing tasks. Results indicate that the type of practice and therefore the type of information processing predicts performance decrements due to alcohol. Alcohol produces a general reduction in resources and ability to share resources both within and between tasks. The results allow a delineation of alcohol effects and provide a theoretical framework for prediction of alcohol effects.

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Face and Word Recognition in Patients with Left and Right Hemispheric Lesions: Evidence from Reaction Times and ERPs

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024//1016-264x.13.1.69 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 69-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefan R. Schweinberger ◽

Thomas Klos ◽

Werner Sommer

Keyword(s):

Slow Wave ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Memory Search ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Performance Deficits ◽

Set Size ◽

Left Brain ◽

Related Potentials ◽

Abstract Words ◽

Left Brain Damage

Abstract: We recorded reaction times (RTs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients with unilateral lesions during a memory search task. Participants memorized faces or abstract words, which were then recognized among new ones. The RT deficit found in patients with left brain damage (LBD) for words increased with memory set size, suggesting that their problem relates to memory search. In contrast, the RT deficit found in patients with RBD for faces was apparently related to perceptual encoding, a conclusion also supported by their reduced P100 ERP component. A late slow wave (720-1720 ms) was enhanced in patients, particularly to words in patients with LBD, and to faces in patients with RBD. Thus, the slow wave was largest in the conditions with most pronounced performance deficits, suggesting that it reflects deficit-related resource recruitment.

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