Reaction time to changes in the intensity of white noise

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Raab ◽  
Mitchell Grossberg
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise

scholarly journals Effects of Musically-Induced Emotions on Choice Reaction Time Performance

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Bishop ◽  
Costas I. Karageorghis ◽  
Noel P. Kinrade
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Reaction Time Performance ◽  
Subsequent Choice ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of the current study was to examine the impact of musically induced emotions on athletes’ subsequent choice reaction time (CRT) performance. A random sample of 54 tennis players listened to researcher-selected music whose tempo and intensity were modified to yield six different music excerpts (three tempi × two intensities) before completing a CRT task. Affective responses, heart rate (HR), and RTs for each condition were contrasted with white noise and silence conditions. As predicted, faster music tempi elicited more pleasant and aroused emotional states; and higher music intensity yielded both higher arousal (p < .001) and faster subsequent CRT performance (p < .001). White noise was judged significantly less pleasant than all experimental conditions (p < .001); and silence was significantly less arousing than all but one experimental condition (p < .001). The implications for athletes’ use of music as part of a preevent routine when preparing for reactive tasks are discussed.

Simple and Complex Reaction Time as a Function of Subliminal and Supraliminal Accessory Stimulation

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Zenhausern ◽  
Claude Pompo ◽  
Michael Ciaiola
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complex Reaction

Simple and complex reaction time to visual stimuli was tested under 7 levels of accessory stimulation (white noise). Only the highest level of stimulation (70 db above threshold) lowered reaction time. The other levels had no effect.

Two Experiments in Visual and Auditory Reaction Time in Children at a School for the Deaf

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 971-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis D. Costa ◽  
Isabelle Rapin ◽  
Irwin J. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Rapid Responses ◽  
Paired Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
School For The Deaf

In an experiment testing RT to visual, auditory, and paired visual and auditory stimuli, 28 normal Ss showed more rapid responses to paired stimulation than to stimulation in either modality alone. A group of 30 children with communication disorders at a school for the deaf failed to respond more rapidly to paired stimulation. Positive reinforcement improved RT in both groups. In a second experiment, threshold of response to white noise was approximated by an RT technique with control and selected clinical Ss.

Effects of Changes in the Intensity of White Noise on Simultaneity Judgements and Simple Reaction Time

1971 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Difference Threshold ◽  
Response Initiation ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Informal Observation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

On the basis of earlier work and informal observation it was suspected that the effect of loudness on simple reaction time (RT) could not be accounted for by changes in the time it takes the subject to hear the stimulus. Two experiments are described in which an increment in the level of background random noise is presented to the subject. The effect of increment size on RT and on a simultaneity judgement are investigated using a range of increments from just above difference threshold to moderately loud and clear. The difference in the size of loudness effects in the two tasks lends some support to a model which explains the influence of loudness on RT largely in terms of latency of response initiation.

The Impact of Concurrent Noise on Visual Search in Children With ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 1344-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Allen ◽  
Kristen Pammer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Noise Condition ◽  
Reaction Time Variability ◽  
Noise Stimulus ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a concurrent “white noise” stimulus on selective attention in children with ADHD. Method: Participants were 33 children aged 7 to 14 years, who had been previously diagnosed with ADHD. All children completed a computer-based conjunction search task under two noise conditions: a classroom noise condition and a classroom noise + white noise condition. The white noise stimulus was sounds of rain, administered using an iPhone application called Sleep Machine. Results: There were no overall differences between conditions for target detection accuracy, mean reaction time (RT), or reaction time variability ( SD). The impact of white noise on visual search depended on children’s medication status. Conclusion: White noise may improve task engagement for non-medicated children. White noise may be beneficial for task performance when used as an adjunct to medication.

scholarly journals Concurrent white noise and acute hypobaric hypoxia: Effect on aviation cognitive performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
D Ghosh ◽  
D Gaur ◽  
B Sinha ◽  
B Aravindakshan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Visuospatial Working Memory ◽  
Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Larger Sample

Introduction: Optimal cognitive performance is the essence of effective execution of a flying mission. Effects of two commonly encountered aviation stressors, hypoxia and noise, on performance have been studied. However, studies on effects of concurrent dual effects of both these stressors on key cognitive parameters are sparse; hence, the objective was to examine these effects. Material and Methods: Cognitive performances were assessed among 30 healthy volunteers (28 males and 2 females) sequentially in four different conditions – baseline (without stressors), 85 dB(A) noise, 14,000 ft altitude, and concurrent exposure to 85 dB(A) noise at 14,000 ft altitude. White noise was simulated through software, altitude in the hypobaric chamber and cognitive performance was assessed with tests from Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) test battery. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The study revealed statistically significant direct detrimental effect of altitude and noise on implicit reaction time independently as well as concurrently. However, there was insignificant interaction effect between the dual stressors on implicit reaction time. There were no statistically significant effects of dual stressors on implicit correctness, visuospatial working memory, and selective attention. Although statistically not significant, noise enhanced the performance level in the form of increased Corsi block memory span and Corsi block total score. Conclusion: No significant effect of the dual stressors was observed on most of the cognitive parameters. However, implicit reaction time, a measure of pilot’s risk-taking behavior, was found to be significantly affected by the dual stressors. Further research with a larger sample of aircrew population who differ in age, experience, and other potentially influencing factors is recommended.

Predicting the Effectiveness of Auditory Warning Signals in Industrial Environments

1975 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Louis B. Trucks ◽  
S. Keith Adams
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Complex Variable ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Warning Signals ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Effective Signal ◽  
Auditory Warning

A method is presented whereby the effectiveness of auditory warning devices in a given acoustical background can be predetermined and the most effective signal selected. In developing the methods, eight complex, variable pitch acoustically engineered horn-type signals were used. Four spectrally representative industrial noise backgrounds plus white noise were used to provide test environments. A predictive model involving octave-band analysis, signal-noise ratios and reaction time was developed.

scholarly journals Self-Rated Attentiveness Interacts with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Noise Stimulation in Reaction Time in a Go/No-Go Task

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sverker Sikström ◽  
Anna-Maria Jürgensen ◽  
Maryam Haghighi ◽  
Daniel Månsson ◽  
David Smidelik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Noise ◽  
Back Task

Previous research has found that stimulating inattentive people with auditory white noise induces enhancement in cognitive performance. This enhancement is believed to occur due to a statistical phenomenon called stochastic resonance, where noise increases the probability of a signal passing the firing threshold in the neural cells. Here we investigate whether people with low attentiveness benefit to a larger extent than attentive people from stimulation by auditory white noise and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The results show, for both auditory noise and tDCS stimulation, that the changes in performance relative to nonstimulation correlate with the degree of attentiveness in a Go/No-Go task, but not in aN-back task. These results suggest that the benefit of tDCS may interact with inattentiveness.

Integrated Fractional white Noise as an Alternative to Multifractional Brownian Motion

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 393-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Sly
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Brownian Motion ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Discrete Data ◽  
Hölder Exponent ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Multifractional Brownian Motion ◽  
Local Properties

Multifractional Brownian motion is a Gaussian process which has changing scaling properties generated by varying the local Hölder exponent. We show that multifractional Brownian motion is very sensitive to changes in the selected Hölder exponent and has extreme changes in magnitude. We suggest an alternative stochastic process, called integrated fractional white noise, which retains the important local properties but avoids the undesirable oscillations in magnitude. We also show how the Hölder exponent can be estimated locally from discrete data in this model.

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