Enhancing Linkages: Findings from Innovative HIV Testing and Linkage to Care Programs for Jail Detainees

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalonda Freeman ◽  
Anne C. Spaulding ◽  
Cristina A. Booker
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Jail Detainees

Observational study of the populations accessing rapid point-of-care HIV testing in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, through a retrospective chart review of site records

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Blain Johnston ◽  
Joss N Reimer ◽  
John L Wylie ◽  
Jared Bullard
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Viral Load Suppression ◽  
Hiv Test

ObjectivesHIV point-of-care testing (POCT) has been available in Manitoba since 2008. This study evaluated the effectiveness of POCT at identifying individuals with previously unknown HIV status, its effects on clinical outcomes and the characteristics of the populations reached.MethodsA retrospective database review was conducted for individuals who received HIV POCT from 2011 to 2014. Time to linkage to care and viral load suppression were compared between individuals who tested positive for HIV using POCT and controls identified as positive through standard screening. Testing outcomes for labouring women with undocumented HIV status accessing POCT during labour were also assessed.Results3204 individuals received POCT (1055 females (32.9%) and 2149 males (67.1%)), being the first recorded HIV test for 2205 (68.8%). Males were more likely to be targeted with POCT as their first recorded HIV test (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.40). Between the two main test sites (Main Street Project (MSP) and Nine Circles Community Health Centre), MSP tested relatively fewer males (AOR 0.79) but a higher proportion of members of all age groups over 30 years old (AOR 1.83, 2.51 and 3.64 for age groups 30–39, 40–49 and >50, respectively). There was no difference in time to linkage to care (p=0.345) or viral load suppression (p=0.405) between the POCT and standard screening cohorts. Of 215 women presenting in labour with unknown HIV status, one was identified as HIV positive.ConclusionsPOCT in Manitoba has been successful at identifying individuals with previously unknown HIV-positive status. Demographic differences between the two main testing sites support that this intervention is reaching unique populations. Given that we observed no significant difference in time to clinical outcomes, it is reasonable to continue using POCT as a targeted intervention.MeSH termsHIV infection; rapid HIV testing; vertical infectious disease transmission; community outreach; service delivery; marginalised populations.

scholarly journals Rapid Point-of-Care CD4 Testing at Mobile HIV Testing Sites to Increase Linkage to Care

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. e13-e17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Larson ◽  
Kathryn Schnippel ◽  
Buyiswa Ndibongo ◽  
Thembisile Xulu ◽  
Alana Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Cd4 Testing

Routine HIV Screening in Cancer Patients in the Emergency Department

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Terry W Rice ◽  
◽  
Patricia A. Brock ◽  
Carmen Gonzalez ◽  
Kelly W Merriman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Routine Hiv Screening ◽  
Incident Cases

Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) in cancer patients improves outcomes and reduces transmission of this oncogenic virus. HIV testing rates of cancer patients are similar to the general population (15-40%), despite the association with cancer. Our aim was to increase HIV screening in the Emergency Department(ED) of a comprehensive cancer center through a quality initiative. Testing increased significantly during the intervention (p<0.001; 0.15/day to 2.69/day). Seropositive HIV rate was 1.4% (12/852), with incidence of 0.3%. All patients were linked to care. Incident cases were between 36 and 55 years of age. Barriers encountered included confusion regarding the need for written consent for HIV testing, failure to consider ordering the test, and concerns regarding linkage to care.

Using Social Networks to Reach Black MSM for HIV Testing and Linkage to Care

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Fuqua ◽  
Yea-Hung Chen ◽  
Tracey Packer ◽  
Teri Dowling ◽  
Theresa O. Ick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Black Msm

scholarly journals Increasing partner HIV testing and linkage to care in TB settings: findings from an implementation study in Pwani, Tanzania

AIDS Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1600-1604
Author(s):  
Cari Courtenay-Quirk ◽  
Sherri Pals ◽  
Andrea A. Howard ◽  
Dawud Ujamaa ◽  
Chris Henjewele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Implementation Study

scholarly journals Identifying African American Women with HIV Infection in an Expanded HIV testing and Linkage to Care (X-TLC) Program in Healthcare Settings on the South and West Sides of Chicago.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S425-S426
Author(s):  
Moira C McNulty ◽  
Ellen Almirol ◽  
Jessica P Ridgway ◽  
Jessica Schmitt ◽  
Rebecca Eavou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
African American ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The South ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Grant Recipient ◽  
Women With Hiv

Abstract Background Women account for 25 % of HIV infections nationally, and African American (AA) women are disproportionately affected. We report important gender differences observed in an expanded HIV testing and linkage to care (X-TLC) program conducted on the South and West Sides of Chicago. Methods X-TLC is funded by CDPH with CDC prevention B funds. X-TLC has expanded from 3 sites to 14 sites, including acute care hospitals (academic, community), community health centers (CHCs), and family planning clinics. We report descriptive stats, group comparisons by Chi-square, and multivariate analyses adjusted for demographics. Results Since 2011, X-TLC has conducted 308,038 HIV screens, and 63.7 % of those tested were women. Overall seroprevalence for HIV was 0.56 %, and 30.5 % of HIV patients identified were cis-gender women (seroprevalence 0.15 %). The seroprevalence for women testing in EDs was higher (0.44 %). Similar to men, only 52.9 % of HIV positive women were new diagnoses. Women accounted for 28.5 % of all new diagnoses, compared with 15.4 % for Chicago overall. In 2016 X-TLC screened 91,865 persons for HIV, and 65.2 % of those tested were women. There were 193 new diagnosis and 32.1 % (62) were women, 85.7 % AA. In comparison, in 2015 there were 139 women with a new HIV diagnosis for all of Chicago. Women newly diagnosed were less likely to be linked to care (adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 0.54, 0.35–0.85). Linkage was lower for women diagnosed at CHCs (84.6 % vs. 76.3 %, P = 0.02). Most CHCs did not have on site HIV providers. At our site, however, women linked to care were more likely to be retained in care (aOR 0.58, 0.43–0.78). We also conduct targeted outreach testing, partner services (PS) testing, and social network strategy (SNS) testing, but women are not identified by these programs (16/171 tested women, 8 new diagnoses were men for PS; 507 tested, 471 men and 36 trans-gender women, 38 new positives, 0 cis-gender women for SNS). Conclusion More women than men were offered and/or accept HIV screening in healthcare settings. The proportion of seropositive women identified was higher than the national average. X-TLC is reaching a large proportional of AA women with HIV unaware of their status. Other testing strategies will rarely identify cis-gender women with HIV infection. Gender differences in linkage to and retention in care will require strategies targeted at women. Disclosures J. P. Ridgway, Gilead FOCUS: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient; N. Glick, Gilead FOCUS: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient; D. Pitrak, Gilead Sciences FOCUS: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient

scholarly journals A systematic review of qualitative evidence on factors enabling and deterring uptake of HIV self-testing in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Njau ◽  
Christopher Covin ◽  
Esther Lisasi ◽  
Damian Damian ◽  
Declare Mushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Self Test

Abstract Background More than 40% of adults in Sub-Saharan Africa are unaware of their HIV status. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a novel approach with a potential to increase uptake of HIV testing and linkage to care for people who test HIV positive. We explored HIV stakeholder’s perceptions about factors that enable or deter the uptake of HIV self-testing and experiences of self-testing of adult users in Africa. Methods This systematic review of qualitative evidence included articles on qualitative studies published or made available between January 1998 to February 2018 on perspectives of key stakeholders, including HIV policymakers, HIV experts, health care providers, and adult men and women (18 years and above) about factors that enable or deter the uptake of HIV self-testing and experiences of self-testing among adult users. We searched CINAHL, MEDLINE in Pubmed, EMBASE, AJOL, PsycINFO, Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and Web of Science for articles in English on HIVST with qualitative data from different African countries. Results In total, 258 papers were retrieved, and only nine (9) studies conducted in 5 African countries were eligible and included in this synthesis. Perceived facilitators of the uptake of HIVST were autonomy and self-empowerment, privacy, confidentiality, convenience, opportunity to test, including couples HIV testing, and ease of use. The perceived barriers included the cost of buying self-test kits, perceived unreliability of test results, low literacy, fear and anxiety of a positive test result, and potential psychological and social harms. HIV stakeholder’s concerns about HIVST included human right issues, lack of linkage to care, lack of face-to-face counseling, lack of regulatory and quality assurance systems, and quality of self-test kits. Actual HIVST users expressed preference of oral-fluid self-testing because of ease of use, and that it is less invasive and painless compared to finger-stick/whole blood-based HIV tests. Lack of clear instructions on how to use self-test kits, and existing different products of HIVST increases rates of user errors. Conclusions Overcoming factors that may deter HIV testing, and HIVST, in particular, is complex and challenging, but it has important implications for HIV stakeholders, HIVST users, and public health in general. Research is warranted to explore the actual practices related to HIVST among different populations in Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document