Dispositional optimism may protect combat veterans from negative impact of combat and operational stressors

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Thomas ◽  
T. W. Britt ◽  
H. Odle-Dusseau ◽  
P. D. Bliese
Keyword(s):  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dispositional Optimism

scholarly journals SOCIAL PROTECTION OF VETERANS OF MILITARY ACTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA: THE PRACTICE AND ITS IMPROVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
T.V. Soloveva ◽  
◽  
E.G. Pankova ◽  
D.A. Bistyaikina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Management

The article analyzes the concept of the status of «veteran» and «combat veteran» occurs in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. The authors consider the definition and main directions of social protection of this category of persons. It is noted that in the Russian Federation, regions can independently set benefits in increased amounts or introduce additional benefits for veterans. Therefore, the exact list of social support measures may differ in different regions of the Russian Federation. The authors present a detailed analysis of social support measures for combat veterans in the Republic of Mordovia. These include housing benefits, land incentives, pensions, tax benefits to veterans, as well as other types of benefits and measures of social support of veterans of combat operations in RM (setting the phone in priority mode; care in medical facilities of the Ministry of defence, Ministry of interior and other relevant agencies; provision of artificial limbs and orthopedic goods on the conditions stipulated by law, etc.) At the same time, the authors note that in General, the system of social protection of combat veterans needs to be improved in the following aspects: the development of legislative acts that expand the regulatory framework for social support, protection of the rights and legitimate interests of combat veterans; the development of a program-target method of experience in social management of the sphere of social protection and social support of combat veterans, protection of their rights; informing combat veterans and their family members about the possibilities of implementing rights and guarantees through positive social interaction with social management entities, state authorities, specialised organisations, etc. The authors conclude that the system of social protection of combat veterans in the Republic of Mordovia includes a system of measures to implement social guarantees regulated at the Federal and regional levels, as well as the creation of conditions necessary for their normal life, including reducing the negative impact of social risks.

scholarly journals STUDY OF PECULIARITIES AND FACTORS OF MENTAL HEALTH IN PERSONS WITH DIFFERENT HEALTH LEVELS

2022 ◽  
pp. 160-180
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Mihal'chi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Different Levels

The article examines the features and factors of manifestation of mental health in persons with different levels of health: mild health disorders, chronic diseases and other defects, severe health disorders and disabilities. At the beginning, the author cites the results of an analysis of theoretical sources on mental health problems and highlights the factors that affect its level: the presence and degree of physical disorders in health and the presence of mental disorders and negative psychological states. As shown by the results of a survey of research participants, more than 70% of them have mental health disorders, expressed in the manifestation of negative mental states and disorders. Further, the features of mental health in persons with different levels of health were studied by using the following questionnaires: "Scale of coherence", "Test of hardiness", "Test of dispositional optimism", "Test of social adaptation", "Methods of coping behavior". An analysis of the results of using these questionnaires showed that the presence and degree of disorders in human health affects a decrease in the levels of hardiness and dispositional optimism, and deterioration in mental health and the development of negative psychological states also lead to a decrease in hardiness and its components, and a decrease in optimistic expectations from changes in the future, a decrease in the level of a sense of coherence and the possibilities of cognitive perception of the surrounding reality, an increase in the level of negative impact of stress on the psychophysical state of a person and an increase in cases of choosing maladaptive coping strategies for coping with stress.

Mitochondrial hyperfusion: a friend or a foe

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajdeep Das ◽  
Oishee Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cellular Stress ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Mitochondrial Population

The cellular mitochondrial population undergoes repeated cycles of fission and fusion to maintain its integrity, as well as overall cellular homeostasis. While equilibrium usually exists between the fission–fusion dynamics, their rates are influenced by organellar and cellular metabolic and pathogenic conditions. Under conditions of cellular stress, there is a disruption of this fission and fusion balance and mitochondria undergo either increased fusion, forming a hyperfused meshwork or excessive fission to counteract stress and remove damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. While some previous reports suggest that hyperfusion is initiated to ameliorate cellular stress, recent studies show its negative impact on cellular health in disease conditions. The exact mechanism of mitochondrial hyperfusion and its role in maintaining cellular health and homeostasis, however, remain unclear. In this review, we aim to highlight the different aspects of mitochondrial hyperfusion in either promoting or mitigating stress and also its role in immunity and diseases.

Health Communication: Implications for Diverse Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Amy Hasselkus
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Care Decisions ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Health Related

The need for improved communication about health-related topics is evident in statistics about the health literacy of adults living in the United States. The negative impact of poor health communication is huge, resulting in poor health outcomes, health disparities, and high health care costs. The importance of good health communication is relevant to all patient populations, including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Efforts are underway at all levels, from individual professionals to the federal government, to improve the information patients receive so that they can make appropriate health care decisions. This article describes these efforts and discusses how speech-language pathologists and audiologists may be impacted.

Stereotype Internalization, Math Perceptions, and Occupational Choices of Women With Counter-Stereotypical University Majors

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Bonnot ◽  
Jean-Claude Croizet
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Occupational Choices ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Performance Expectancies ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Stereotype Endorsement

Based on Eccles’ (1987) model of academic achievement-related decisions, we tested whether women, who are engaged in mathematical fields at university, have internalized, to some extent, the stereotype about women’s inferiority in math. The results indicate that men and women do not assess their ability self-concept, subjective value of math, or performance expectancies differently. However, women’s degree of stereotype endorsement has a negative impact on their ability self-concept and their performance expectancies, but does not affect their value of the math domain. Moreover, members of both genders envisage stereotypical careers after university graduation.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exacerbates Emotional Complaints but not Cognitive Impairments in Individuals Suffering from Postconcussional Disorder after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara C. Schroeder ◽  
Ronald M. Ruff ◽  
Lutz Jäncke
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Composite Scale

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on (a) neuropsychological test performance and (b) self-reported emotional complaints within individuals suffering from postconcussional disorder (PCD) after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). A two-group comparative research design was employed. Two MTBI samples with and without PTSD were assessed with a neuropsychological test battery and the Ruff Neurobehavioral Inventory (RNBI). On the neurocognitive test performances no significant between group differences were found, but the MTBI group with PTSD endorsed a significantly greater number of emotional complaints, especially in the RNBI subscales of anxiety and depression. The patients with PTSD also endorsed a significantly greater number of premorbid sequelae in the RNBI emotional composite scale as well as the RNBI premorbid subscales of pain, anxiety and abuse. In sum, PTSD has a negative impact on emotional but not cognitive functioning within individuals suffering from PCD after a mild TBI.

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