Relational and experiential predictors of psychological and physical aggression in dating relationships

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Hammock
Keyword(s):  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Dating Relationships

Motivations for Self-Defensive Aggression in Dating Relationships

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Shorey ◽  
Christine Meltzer ◽  
Tara L. Cornelius
Keyword(s):  
Dating Violence ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Report Measure

Previous research has suggested that the occurrence of dating violence is influenced by various motivations, including self-defense. While some data have suggested that females are more likely to use physical aggression in self-defense, assessment measures of self-defense have been limited in several notable ways, hindering efforts at fully understanding the myriad of reasons contributing to self-defensive aggression. The current study sought to examine motivations for physical aggression among male and female college students using a contextual self-report measure of self-defensive aggression designed specifically for the current study. Results showed that numerous motivations for physical aggression were endorsed by both males and females and, contrary to expectations, females were not more likely to use aggression in self-defense. Implications of these findings for future research and dating violence prevention programming are discussed.

Females' Reasons for Their Physical Aggression in Dating Relationships

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1131-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Hettrich ◽  
K. Daniel O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Dating Relationships

Gender Differences in Psychological, Physical, and Sexual Aggression Among College Students Using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise A. Hines ◽  
Kimberly J. Saudino
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Sexual Aggression ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

In response to criticisms of the Conflict Tactics Scales, Straus revised the original scale to include sexual aggression and injury. The purpose of the present study was to use this new scale to replicate and expand existing knowledge of psychological, physical, and sexual aggression in dating relationships. Four-hundred-eighty-one college students completed the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales. As expected, females reported perpetrating more psychological aggression than males; there were no gender differences in reported physical aggression; and psychological and physical aggression tended to co-occur. Contrary to previous research, there were no gender differences in injuries. As expected, males reported perpetrating more sexual coercion than females; however, females also reported perpetrating sexual aggression, and there were no gender differences in reported victimization. For males, sexual coercion perpetration (not victimization) was related to the perpetration and victimization of physical and psychological aggression. For females, both sexual coercion perpetration and victimization were related to the perpetration and victimization of psychological aggression and victimization from physical aggression, but not to physical aggression perpetration.

Perceived Verbal Conflict Behaviors Associated With Physical Aggression and Sexual Coercion in Dating Relationships: A Gender-Sensitive Analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Katz ◽  
Andrew Carino ◽  
Angela Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Dating Aggression ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Conflict Behaviors ◽  
Verbal Conflict ◽  
Controlling Behaviors

We studied perceived partner verbal behaviors associated with participants’ use of dating aggression. Men’s reports of their partners’ demanding, controlling, and psychologically abusive behaviors during conflicts were expected to predict men’s perpetration against partners. In contrast, women’s reports of their partners’ withdrawal were expected to predict women’s perpetration. Data were collected from heterosexual undergraduates (N = 223) in exclusive dating relationships. Participants’ reports of partner demands and partner psychological abuse were associated with participants’ use of physical aggression and sexual coercion. Reports of partner withdrawal and partner controlling behaviors were associated with participants’ sexual coercion only. Significant moderating effects of gender emerged. As expected, partner demands, controlling behaviors, and psychological abuse were associated with physical aggression and sexual coercion in men, but not women. Partner withdrawal was associated with sexual coercion in both women and men. We conclude that gender-sensitive approaches are necessary to understand and prevent verbal conflict patterns associated with physical aggression and sexual coercion in intimate relationships.

We Are Not Joking

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liria Fernández-González ◽  
K. Daniel O’Leary ◽  
Marina Julia Muñoz-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Dating Aggression ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Intimate Partner Aggression ◽  
Depth Interviews

Underreporting of intimate partner aggression is an important issue in the interpretation of self-reports of such aggression, especially by males. However, both males and females are less likely to report negative behaviors about themselves than about their partners. With 863 adolescents from Madrid, social desirability had a small but significant association with reports of dating aggression, but covariance corrections for social desirability did not alter the conclusions about such aggression. Using uncorrected or corrected means for social desirability, males engage in more sexual aggression against their partners and females engage in more psychological and physical aggression. Maximal dyadic reports based on reports by either self or partner significantly increased the rates of aggression, although conclusions about perpetration and victimization did not differ with this correction. Rates of aggression dropped roughly half when corrected for aggression in a joking context, but more females still reported engaging in physical aggression against their partners. The corrections one wishes to use depend upon the sample under study—i.e., adolescent versus adult populations—and one’s research or clinical question, but the use of social desirability controls seems ill-founded. Finally, there is a need for in-depth interviews with both partners in dating relationships to determine more about the contextual factors associated with dating aggression and to assist in knowing what correction factors seem most valid.

High School Students’ Responses to Dating Aggression

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Watson ◽  
Michele Cascardi ◽  
Sarah Avery-Leaf ◽  
K. Daniel O’Leary
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
School Students ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Dating Relationship

The purpose of this study was to identify high school students’ actions in response to physical aggression in their dating relationships. The association of these actions with race/ethnicity and gender was also examined. From a sample of high school students (N = 476), a subsample who reported that they had experienced at least one episode of being victimized by physical aggression in a dating relationship (n = 183), served as the sample of interest. On average, students engaged in two help-seeking actions, with females reporting more actions than males. Overall, the most common responses to physical aggression in a dating relationship were aggressive action (e.g., fight back), informal help seeking, threatened or actual breakup, and doing nothing (males) or crying (females). Females were more likely to fight back than were males. Race was largely unrelated to students’ actions. Intervention opportunities and areas for future research are discussed.

Abused Women or Abused Men? An Examination of the Context and Outcomes of Dating Violence

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie S. Harned
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Abused Men ◽  
The Impact

The present study examines the controversial issue of whether women and men are equally abused in dating relationships. Undergraduate and graduate students (n = 874) completed a survey about their experiences and perpetration of psychological, sexual, and physical aggression within dating relationships. To enable a more contextualized understanding of these phenomena, motives for and outcomes of dating violence were also assessed. Women and men reported comparable amounts of overall aggression from dating partners, but differed in the types of violence experienced. Women were more likely to experience sexual victimization, whereas men were more often the victims of psychological aggression; rates of physical violence were similar across genders. Contrary to hypotheses, women were not more likely to use physical violence in self-defense than men. However, although both genders experienced similar amounts of aggressive acts from dating partners, the impact of such violence is more severe for women than men.

Measuring Emotional Abuse in Dating Relationships as a Multifactorial Construct

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Murphy ◽  
Sharon A. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Inventory Of Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Multifactorial Approach

Initial investigations of a multifactorial approach to the measurement of emotional abuse in dating relationships are presented. A set of 54 items was generated to assess 4 rationally derived subscales measuring Restrictive Engulfment, Hostile Withdrawal, Denigration, and Dominance / Intimidation. An exploratory factor analysis on reports of partner behavior by 157 female undergraduate students in dating relationships provided support for the hypothesized subscales. Denigration and Dominance/Intimidation had consistently higher correlations with physical aggression than did the other two forms of emotional abuse. Further evidence for discriminant and convergent validity was apparent in correlations with the circumplex scales of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, and with self-reported attachment variables. The results support the assessment of emotional abuse in dating relationships as a multifactorial construct.

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