The psychology of elite swimmers pre-competition

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Delagrange ◽  
Marc Leveque
Keyword(s):  
Elite Swimmers

scholarly journals Pacing Strategies of 1500 m Freestyle Swimmers in the World Championships According to Their Final Position

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7559
Author(s):  
Beatriz Lara ◽  
Juan Del Coso
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Pacing Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Long Course ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

In 1500 m freestyle swimming races, pacing is generally represented by a parabolic or U-shaped curve indicating that swimming velocity is greatest at the start and the last laps of the race while swimmers maintain an even pace through the middle section of the race. However, there is no information to determine if 1500 m race winners select pacing different to other, less successful swimmers within the same competition. Therefore, this investigation aimed to describe the pacing strategies adopted by 1500 m freestyle competitive swimmers in World Championships (long course), from 2003 to 2019 to determine the most effective pacing to obtain victory or a medal. The official overall and split times for 1500 m freestyle races of the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) were obtained from the website of this organization. In total, data of 143 swimming performances (71 male and 72 female) were extracted. With the split times, lap times, and position were calculated across the race. To determine differences in the pacing between best- and worst-ranked finalist, swimmers in each race were divided into four groups based on the final position (1st vs. 2nd vs. 3rd vs. 4–8th). All the lap times of the winners of the race were faster than those of participants classified as 4–8th position for men and women races (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in lap velocity among the different positions achieved at the end of the race when it was normalized by average race velocity. Additionally, there were no differences in the lap-to-lap variability among swimmers with different positions at the end of the race. In summary, both men and women elite swimmers selected parabolic pacing consisting of a fast start in the first lap, an even pace close to their average race velocity in the mid-section of the race (from 50 to 1400 m), followed by an end spurt in the final lap(s). This pattern was very similar in all finalists irrespective of the final position in the race. Hence, the obtaining of a medal in the World Championships was associated to possessing a faster average race velocity rather than a specific pacing profile through the race.

Acute Changes in Lung Diffusing Capacity After Training in Elite Swimmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
Iker García ◽  
Franchek Drobnic ◽  
Victoria Pons ◽  
Ginés Viscor
Keyword(s):  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Acute Changes

Altitude Training in Elite Swimmers for Sea Level Performance (Altitude Project)

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1965-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERRAN A. RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
XAVIER IGLESIAS ◽  
BELÉN FERICHE ◽  
CARMEN CALDERÓN-SOTO ◽  
DIEGO CHAVERRI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Level Performance

Coordination in Front Crawl in Elite Triathletes and Elite Swimmers

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Millet ◽  
D. Chollet ◽  
S. Chalies ◽  
J. C. Chatard
Keyword(s):  
Front Crawl ◽  
Elite Swimmers

scholarly journals Association between the FTO A/T Polymorphism and Elite Athlete Status in Caucasian Swimmers

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Piotr Zmijewski ◽  
Agata Leońska-Duniec
Keyword(s):  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Elite Athlete ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelic Association ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Allelic Distribution ◽  
Elite Swimmers

The FTO A/T polymorphism (rs9939609) has been strongly associated with body mass-related traits in nonathletic populations, but rarely with elite athletic performance. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the A/T polymorphism and athlete status in elite swimmers. Polish swimmers (n = 196) who competed in national and international competition at short- (SDS; 50–200 m; n = 147) and long-distance events (LDS; ≥400 m; n = 49) were recruited. The control group included 379 unrelated, sedentary young participants. The participants were all Caucasians. Genotyping was carried out using real-time PCR. It was found that the chance of being an elite swimmer was lower in carriers of the AT and AA genotype compared with TT homozygotes (1.5 and 2.0 times, respectively). These findings were confirmed in an allelic association; the A allele was less frequent in the swimmers compared with controls (p = 0.004). However, when SDS were compared against LDS, no significant differences were observed in genotypic and allelic distribution. The results of our experiment suggest that the variation within the FTO gene can affect elite athlete status. It was demonstrated that harboring the T allele may be beneficial for achieving success in a sport such as swimming.

Maximal Mechanical Power during a Taper in Elite Swimmers

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1643-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel D. Trinity ◽  
Matthew D. Pahnke ◽  
Edwin C. Reese ◽  
Edward F. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Elite Swimmers

Reliability and validity of a modified 3-minute all-out swimming test in elite swimmers

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan J. G. Mitchell ◽  
David B. Pyne ◽  
Philo U. Saunders ◽  
Ben Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Swimming Test

scholarly journals Blood Lactate and Stroke Parameters During Front Crawl in Elite Swimmers With Disability

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
DAVID J. BENTLEY ◽  
GARY PHILLIPS ◽  
LARS R. MCNAUGHTON ◽  
ALAN M. BATTERHAM
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Elite Swimmers

Salivary IgA subclasses and infection risk in elite swimmers

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree Gleeson ◽  
Sharron T Hall ◽  
Warren A McDonald ◽  
Adrian J Flanagan ◽  
Robert L Clancy
Keyword(s):  
Infection Risk ◽  
Salivary Iga ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Iga Subclasses
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