The effect of retrieval cues on false memories for pictures and words

Comparing false memories for pictures and words

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e536982012-276 ◽

1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David G. Payne ◽

Claude J. Elie

Keyword(s):

False Memories ◽

Pictures And Words

Download Full-text

Interindividual Differences in Cognitive Functioning Are Associated with Autobiographical Memory Retrieval Specificity in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 15-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sarah Peters ◽

Signy Sheldon

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Autobiographical Memory ◽

Memory Retrieval ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Specific Information ◽

Generation Task ◽

Interindividual Differences ◽

Retrieval Cues ◽

Contextual Support

Abstract. We examined whether interindividual differences in cognitive functioning among older adults are related to episodic memory engagement during autobiographical memory retrieval. Older adults ( n = 49, 24 males; mean age = 69.93; mean education = 15.45) with different levels of cognitive functioning, estimated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), retrieved multiple memories (generation task) and the details of a single memory (elaboration task) to cues representing thematic or event-specific autobiographical knowledge. We found that the MoCA score positively predicted the proportion of specific memories for generation and episodic details for elaboration, but only to cues that represented event-specific information. The results demonstrate that individuals with healthy, but not unhealthy, cognitive status can leverage contextual support from retrieval cues to improve autobiographical specificity.

Download Full-text

Warnings Reduce False Memories for Missing Aspects of Events

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000087 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 207-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Matthew P. Gerrie ◽

Maryanne Garry

Keyword(s):

False Recognition ◽

Source Monitoring ◽

False Memories ◽

Monitoring Framework

When people see movies with some parts missing, they falsely recognize many of the missing parts later. In two experiments, we examined the effect of warnings on people’s false memories for these parts. In Experiment 1, warning subjects about false recognition before the movie (forewarnings) reduced false recognition, but warning them after the movie (postwarnings) reduced false recognition to a lesser extent. In Experiment 2, the effect of the warnings depended on the nature of the missing parts. Forewarnings were more effective than postwarnings in reducing false recognition of missing noncrucial parts, but forewarnings and postwarnings were similarly effective in reducing false recognition of crucial missing parts. We use the source monitoring framework to explain our results.

Download Full-text