A Simplified Conjoint Recognition Paradigm for the Measurement of Gist and Verbatim Memory

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stahl ◽  
Christoph Klauer
Keyword(s):  
Verbatim Memory

Incidental verbatim memory for language

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Gurevich ◽  
Matthew A. Johnson ◽  
Adele E. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Memory Test ◽  
Striking Finding ◽  
Lexical Content ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Verbatim Memory

AbstractIt is widely believed that explicit verbatim memory for language is virtually nonexistent except in certain circumstances, for example if participants are warned they are to receive a memory test, if the language is ‘interactive’ (emotion-laden), or if the texts are exceedingly short and memory is tested immediately. The present experiments revisit the question of verbatim memory for language and demonstrate that participants do reliably recognize and recall full sentences that they are exposed to only once at above chance rates (Experiments 1 and 3). The texts are 300 words long, non-interactive, and no advanced warning of a memory test is given. Verbatim memory is demonstrated even when lexical content and memory for gist are controlled for (Experiments 2 and 4). The most striking finding is one of incidental recall: even after a six-day delay, participants reliably reproduce sentences they have heard before when asked to describe scenes, even though they are not asked to recall what they had heard (Experiment 5).

scholarly journals Recall, Verbatim Memory and Remembered Narratives

2015 ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ost ◽  
Alan Scoboria ◽  
Tim Grant ◽  
Gary Pankhurst
Keyword(s):  
Verbatim Memory

scholarly journals Recollection rejection: Gist cuing of verbatim memory

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1422-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy N. Odegard ◽  
James M. Lampinen
Keyword(s):  
Recollection Rejection ◽  
Verbatim Memory

scholarly journals Equivalence in Verbatim Memory

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Keiko Kuhara
Keyword(s):  
Verbatim Memory

scholarly journals The effect of incongruency and cognitive load on short-term verbatim and gist memory in the Conjoint Recognition paradigm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stahl ◽  
Karl Christoph Klauer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Recent Model ◽  
Multinomial Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Memory Advantage ◽  
Verbatim Memory

The present research investigated effects of schema incongruency and cognitive load at encoding on short-term memory. Memory for items that are incongruent with an active schema is sometimes found to be more accurate than memory for schema-congruent items. A recent model predicts that this effect is especially pronounced under cognitive load. Two studies manipulated cognitive load and schema incongruency of study items. Verbatim and gist memory for the items was assessed. According to the attention-elaboration (AE) framework, an incongruency advantage is predicted for verbatim and gist memory that is expected to decrease under cognitive load. According to the Encoding Flexibility model (EFM), as cognitive load increases, verbatim memory should favor incongruent over congruent items and gist memory should be superior for congruent items. Based upon a multinomial model that dissociates verbatim and gist memory, the results provide direct evidence for a verbatim and a gist memory advantage for expectancyincongruent information, confirming AE predictions. Consistent with the EFM, the verbatim incongruency advantage was increased under moderate (but not strong) cognitive load. An integrative framework is proposed to account for the results.

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