An Epistemic Model for Moral Hazards in Scientific Enterprises

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Maria Arrigo ◽  
Maj-Britt Juhl Poulsen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazards ◽  
Epistemic Model

scholarly journals Bank And Non-Bank Financial Institutions And The Development Of The Nigerian Economy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Peter A Okere ◽  
Ndugbu Michael ◽  
J.N Ojiegbe ◽  
Barr. Lawrence Uzowuru
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Moral Hazards ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Consumer Loans ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
The Impact

The focus of this study was on the impact of bank and non-bank financial institutions on the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. In an attempt to achieve the objectives of the research, data for the period 1992 to 2012 were collected from the CBN publications. Hypotheses were also formulated. The data collected were analysed using the E-views econometric software under the ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis. The study as confirmed by the result of the joint test revealed that the financial institutions play prominent role on the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. However, it was further revealed that individual contributions of the explanatory variables varied. For example, the Deposit Money Banks were revealed to have impacted very insignificantly to the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. This may not be unconnected with the unwholesome practices in the banking sector such as granting of loans/advances to “ghost” applicants, diversion of loans and advances granted, high incidence of moral hazards. In view of the above, it is recommended among others that government should come up with lending policies that will not only reduce diversions of bank loans/advances but will deter persons involved in such sharp practices. Such loans and advances which must be on long-term basis should be extended to needy investors in the real sector. Consumer loans and also loans and advances for commerce do not play prominent role in the growth and development of the economy and thus should be discouraged. The current and on-going reforms in the financial sector should be encouraged and maintained.

Formal Principles: Some Replies to Critics

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-189
Author(s):  
Robert Alexy
Keyword(s):  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Combination Model ◽  
Rational Application ◽  
Epistemic Model ◽  
Separation Model

One of the main theses of principles theory is that the rational application of constitutional rights presupposes proportionality analysis and that proportionality analysis necessarily includes balancing. The objection of over-constitutionalization has been raised to this thesis. Principles theory has attempted to reply to this objection with a theory of discretion in which formal principles, in particular, the principle of democracy, play a pivotal role. The theory of formal principles, however, has led in recent decades to more questions than answers. With respect to constitutional rights, two models have been and remain in competition: the combination model and the separation model. The first model balances formal principles in combination with substantive principles, whereas the second model separates the balancing of formal principles from the balancing of substantive principles. It is argued in this chapter that both models are mistaken, and an epistemic model is proposed that finds expression in the epistemic variables of the Weight Formula.

scholarly journals Game Analysis between Banks and B2B Platforms in Agricultural Electronic Order Financing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Chen ◽  
Peng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Choice ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Moral Hazards ◽  
Compensation Ratio ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Behavior Strategies ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Electronic Order

In recent years, agricultural electronic order financing has developed rapidly, and cooperation between banks and B2B platforms has become the main mode of operation. In the process of cooperation, there are moral hazards caused by information concealment. On the basis of analyzing the business characteristics and the behavior strategies of both sides, this paper discusses the cooperation mechanism between the two sides by using the game analysis method. The results show that the strategy choice of the banks and the B2B platforms is not only affected by the credit of financing customers, but also by the concealment cost and the concealment income. When the concealment cost is less than the concealment income, the profit distribution ratio and the default compensation ratio can be the key factors of affecting the strategy choice of the B2B platforms and the banks. When the concealment cost is greater than the concealment benefit, the change value of the income distribution caused by the different strategies has an important impact on the strategy choice of the banks.

scholarly journals From Quantum theory to Quantum theology: A leap of faith

1997 ◽  
Vol 53 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M.J. Basson ◽  
J. H. Koekemoer
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Multivalued Logic ◽  
World Views ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Epistemic Model

This article is aimed at introducing multi valued logic as an epistemic model for theological thought within the  reformational-dialectic paradigm. Nowadays, reformational-dialectic theology is challenged by postmodem culture, interreligious exposure and scientific discoveries, which subsequently lead to new and unaccounted world-views. As a result, an epistemological shift based on an expanded rationality is called for. It is in this regard that multivalued-logic emerges as an epistemic model specifically developed to accommodate diversity, uncertainty and probability as well as, to restore hope and faith in the hearts of millions.

Positivism, Post-positivism, and Social Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Patrick Thaddeus Jackson ◽  
Lucas Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Epistemic Model

This chapter highlights positivism and post-positivism in the social sciences. ‘Post-positivism’, much like ‘positivism’, is a notoriously imprecise term that nonetheless does significantly effective work in shaping academic controversies. Post-positivist approaches are loosely organized around a common rejection of the notion that the social sciences should take the natural sciences as their epistemic model. This rejection, which is a dissent from the naturalist position that all the sciences belong together and produce the same kind of knowledge in similar ways, often also includes a rejection of what are taken to be the central components of a natural-scientific approach: a dualist separation of knowing subjects from their objects of study, and a limitation of knowledge to the tangible and measurable. To get a handle on ‘post-positivism’, the chapter discusses these three rejections (naturalism, dualism, and empiricism) in turn.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document