Binding, Aging and Emotion in Taboo Stroop Tasks: Data and Theories

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Graham ◽  
Laura W. Johnson ◽  
Donald G. Mackay ◽  
Deborah M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Tasks

Do Young Children Modulate Their Cognitive Control?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solène Ambrosi ◽  
Patrick Lemaire ◽  
Agnès Blaye
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Stroop Tasks ◽  
And Task

Abstract. Dynamic, trial-by-trial modulations of inhibitory control are well documented in adults but rarely investigated in children. Here, we examined whether 5-to-7 year-old children, an age range when inhibitory control is still partially immature, achieve such modulations. Fifty three children took flanker, Simon, and Stroop tasks. Above and beyond classic congruency effects, the present results showed two crucial findings. First, we found evidence for sequential modulations of congruency effects in these young children in the three conflict tasks. Second, our results showed both task specificities and task commonalities. These findings in young children have important implications as they suggest that, to be modulated, inhibitory control does not require full maturation and that the precise pattern of trial-by-trial modulations may depend on the nature of conflict.

scholarly journals The association between media multitasking and executive function in Chinese adolescents: Evidence from self-reported, behavioral and fNIRS data

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiutong Luo ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Pui-sze Yeung ◽  
Chunqi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Assessment ◽  
Stroop Tasks

This study examined the association between media multitasking and executive function in Chinese adolescents by comparing heavy/high and light/low media multitaskers, i.e., HMMs and LMMs, with self-reports, behavioral measures and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The participants were 12 HMMs (media multitasking scores above the 75th percentile) and 10 LMMs (media multitasking scores below the 25th percentile) chosen from a sample of 61 adolescents. Each participant completed a self-reported questionnaire on executive function and three executive function cognitive tasks: 2-back, Color Stroop, and Number-letter Determination) while wearing the fNIRS. The results indicated that: (1) the HMMs showed more impairment in executive function than the LMMs based on questionnaire data analysis; (2) there were no significant differences between the HMMs and LMMs in their performance on the cognitive tasks; and (3) the HMMs showed greater prefrontal activation than the LMMs during the 2-back and Color Stroop tasks. These findings implied that media multitasking might be associated with the reduced effectiveness in the brain areas responsible for executive function. These findings provide evidence of the negative relationship between media multitasking and executive function; and indicated the benefits of using multiple assessment methods in studying this topic.

An event-related functional MRI study comparing interference effects in the Simon and Stroop tasks

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S Peterson ◽  
Michael J Kane ◽  
Gerianne M Alexander ◽  
Cheryl Lacadie ◽  
Pawel Skudlarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Stroop Tasks

Neurocognitive Mechanisms for Detecting Early Phase of Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Shashikanta Tarai
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Electrophysiological Findings ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Stroop Tasks

This chapter discusses neurocognitive mechanisms in terms of latency and amplitudes of EEG signals in depression that are presented in the form of event-related potentials (ERPs). Reviewing the available literature on depression, this chapter classifies early P100, ERN, N100, N170, P200, N200, and late P300 ERP components in frontal, mid-frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Using auditory oddball paradigm, most of the studies testing depressive patients have found robust P300 amplitude reduction. Proposing EEG methods and summarizing behavioral, neuroanatomical, and electrophysiological findings, this chapter discusses how the different tasks, paradigms, and stimuli contribute to the cohesiveness of neural signatures and psychobiological markers for identifying the patients with depression. Existing research gaps are directed to conduct ERP studies following go/no-go, flanker interference, and Stroop tasks on global and local attentional stimuli associated with happy and sad emotions to examine anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) dysfunction in depression.

Pure alexia and covert reading: Evidence from Stroop tasks

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 443-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. McKeeff ◽  
Marlene Behrmann
Keyword(s):  
Pure Alexia ◽  
Stroop Tasks ◽  
Covert Reading

Effect of Language Dominance on Cognitive Processes in a Stroop Task

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik Bahri ◽  
Ahmed Bendania
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Education Majors ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Attention Process ◽  
Stroop Tasks ◽  
The Way

The present study investigated the effect of language dominance on 40 subjects' performance on a Stroop task. In the first group were 20 Education majors using mainly the Arabic language, while in the second group of 20 students were majors in English. Each group performed two different Stroop tasks. Analysis showed that language comprehension affected the way subjects processed the information. This difference was explained in terms of cognitive processes involved and by a late selective attention process.

Tunes and Tones: Music, Language, and Inhibitory Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Robert E. Graham ◽  
Usha Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Pitch Contour ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Tone Language ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Pitch Contours ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Stroop Tasks

Abstract A debate is underway regarding the perceptual and cognitive benefits of bilingualism and musical experience. This study contributes to the debate by investigating auditory inhibitory control in English-speaking monolingual musicians, non-musicians, tone language bilinguals, and non-tone language bilinguals. We predicted that musicians and tone language bilinguals would demonstrate enhanced processing relative to monolinguals and other bilinguals. Groups of monolinguals (N = 22), monolingual musicians (N = 19), non-tone language bilinguals (N = 20) and tone language bilinguals (N = 18) were compared on auditory Stroop tasks to assess domain-transferable processing benefits (e.g. auditory inhibitory control) resulting from potentially shared underlying cognitive mechanisms (Patel, 2003; Bialystok & DePape, 2009). In one task, participants heard the words “high” and “low” presented in high or low pitches, and responded regarding the pitch of the stimuli as quickly as possible. In another task, participants heard the words “rise” or “fall” presented in rising or falling pitch contours, and responded regarding the contour of the stimuli as quickly as possible. Results suggest transferable auditory inhibitory control benefits for musicians across pitch and contour processing, but any possible enhanced processing for speakers of tone languages may be task-dependent, as lexical tone activation may interfere with pitch contour processing.

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