Abstract Letter Representation: Evidence From Patterns of Neural Response Similarity

Abstract An aberrant neural response to rewards has been linked to both depression and social anxiety. Most studies have focused on the neural response to monetary rewards, and few have tested different modalities of reward (e.g., social) that are more salient to particular forms of psychopathology. In addition, most studies contain critical confounds, including contrasting positive and negative feedback and failing to disentangle being correct from obtaining positive feedback. In the present study, 204 participants underwent electroencephalography during monetary and social feedback tasks that were matched in trial structure, timing, and feedback stimuli. The reward positivity (RewP) was measured in response to correctly identifying stimuli that resulted in monetary win, monetary loss, social like, or social dislike feedback. All monetary and social tasks elicited a RewP, which were positively correlated. Across all tasks, the RewP was negatively associated with depression and positively associated with social anxiety. The RewP to social dislike feedback, independent of monetary and social like feedback, was also associated with social anxiety. The present study suggests that a domain-general neural response to correct feedback demonstrates a differential association with depression and social anxiety, but a domain-specific neural response to social dislike feedback is uniquely associated with social anxiety.

Download Full-text

A study on relationship between Neural Response Telemetry and behavioural Threshold/Comfort levels in children with cochlear implant

Medical Journal Armed Forces India ◽

10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.10.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Indrajeet Chauhan ◽

Himanshu Swami ◽

Rashmi Natraj

Keyword(s):

Cochlear Implant ◽

Neural Response ◽

Comfort Levels ◽

Neural Response Telemetry

Download Full-text

Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder are Associated with Exaggerated Neural Response to Surprising Errors

Journal of Traumatic Stress ◽

10.1002/jts.22595 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathon R. Howlett ◽

Jessica Bomyea ◽

Katia M. Harlé ◽

Alan N. Simmons

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Neural Response

Download Full-text

Does intervention with GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide modulate perception of sweet taste in women with obesity: study protocol of a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05442-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mojca Jensterle ◽

Simona Ferjan ◽

Tadej Battelino ◽

Jernej Kovač ◽

Saba Battelino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Neural Response ◽

Taste Perception ◽

Taste Bud ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Food Cues ◽

Link Type ◽

Visual Food Cues ◽

Taste Bud Cells

Abstract Background Preclinical studies demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is locally synthesized in taste bud cells and that GLP-1 receptor exists on the gustatory nerves in close proximity to GLP-1-containing taste bud cells. This local paracrine GLP-1 signalling seems to be specifically involved in the perception of sweets. However, the role of GLP-1 in taste perception remains largely unaddressed in clinical studies. Whether any weight-reducing effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists are mediated through the modulation of taste perception is currently unknown. Methods and analysis This is an investigator-initiated, randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. We will enrol 30 women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either semaglutide 1.0 mg or placebo for 16 weeks. The primary endpoints are alteration of transcriptomic profile of tongue tissue as changes in expression level from baseline to follow-up after 16 weeks of treatment, measured by RNA sequencing, and change in taste sensitivity as detected by chemical gustometry. Secondary endpoints include change in neural response to visual food cues and to sweet-tasting substances as assessed by functional MRI, change in body weight, change in fat mass and change in eating behaviour and food intake. Discussion This is the first study to investigate the role of semaglutide on taste perception, along with a neural response to visual food cues in reward processing regions. The study may identify the tongue and the taste perception as a novel target for GLP-1 receptor agonists. Ethics and disseminations The study has been approved by the Slovene National Medical Ethics Committee and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Results will be submitted for publication in an international peer-reviewed scientific journal. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04263415. Retrospectively registered on 10 February 2020

Download Full-text