Working memory for serial order: A spatial/verbal dissociation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Gmeindl ◽  
Megan Walsh ◽  
Susan M. Courtney
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Serial Order

Impaired Processing of Serial Order Determines Working Memory Impairments in Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya De Belder ◽  
Patrick Santens ◽  
Anne Sieben ◽  
Wim Fias
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Memory Impairments

Neurocognitive Constructs Underlying Executive Control in Statistically-Determined Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheina Emrani ◽  
Melissa Lamar ◽  
Catherine Price ◽  
Satya Baliga ◽  
Victor Wasserman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Span Test ◽  
Preparatory Set

Background: The model of executive attention proposes that temporal organization, i.e., the time necessary to bring novel tasks to fruition is an important construct that modulates executive control. Subordinate to temporal organization are the constructs of working memory, preparatory set, and inhibitory control. Objective: The current research operationally-defined the constructs underlying the theory of executive attention using intra-component latencies (i.e., reaction times) from a 5-span backward digit test from patients with suspected mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: An iPad-version of the Backward Digit Span Test (BDT) was administered to memory clinic patients. Patients with (n = 22) and without (n = 36) MCI were classified. Outcome variables included intra-component latencies for all correct 5-span serial order responses. Results: Average total time did not differ. A significant 2-group by 5-serial order latency interaction revealed the existence of distinct time epochs. Non-MCI patients produced slower latencies on initial (position 2-working memory/preparatory set) and latter (position 4-inhibitory control) correct serial order responses. By contrast, patients with MCI produced a slower latency for middle serial order responses (i.e., position 3-preparatory set). No group differences were obtained for incorrect 5-span test trials. Conclusion: The analysis of 5-span BDT serial order latencies found distinct epochs regarding how time was allocated in the context of successful test performance. Intra-component latencies obtained from tests assessing mental re-ordering may constitute useful neurocognitive biomarkers for emergent neurodegenerative illness.

scholarly journals Russian–German five-year-olds: What omissions in sentence repetition tell us about linguistic knowledge, memory skills and their interrelation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Elizabeth STADTMILLER ◽  
Katrin LINDNER ◽  
Assunta SÜSS ◽  
Natalia GAGARINA
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sentence Repetition ◽  
Knowledge Memory

Abstract In error analyses using sentence repetition data, most authors focus on word types of omissions. The current study considers serial order in omission patterns independent of functional categories. Data was collected from Russian and German sentence repetition tasks performed by 53 five-year-old bilingual children. Number and positions of word omissions were analyzed. Serial order effects were found in both languages: medial errors made up the largest percentage of errors. Then, the position of omissions was compared to visuo-verbal n-back working memory and non-verbal visual forward short-term memory scores using stepwise hierarchical linear regression models, taking into account demographic variables and receptive language. The interaction differed between languages: there was a significant negative association between omissions in the medial position in German and the final position in Russian and the visuo-verbal n-back memory score. Our study contributes to the understanding of how working memory and language are intertwined in sentence repetition.

scholarly journals The developmental neural substrates of item and serial order components of verbal working memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1541-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Attout ◽  
Laura Ordonez Magro ◽  
Arnaud Szmalec ◽  
Steve Majerus
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Order Components

scholarly journals Neuronal spike-rate adaptation supports working memory in language processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (34) ◽  
pp. 20881-20889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Fitz ◽  
Marvin Uhlmann ◽  
Dick van den Broek ◽  
Renato Duarte ◽  
Peter Hagoort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
Memory Mechanism ◽  
Firing Rates

Language processing involves the ability to store and integrate pieces of information in working memory over short periods of time. According to the dominant view, information is maintained through sustained, elevated neural activity. Other work has argued that short-term synaptic facilitation can serve as a substrate of memory. Here we propose an account where memory is supported by intrinsic plasticity that downregulates neuronal firing rates. Single neuron responses are dependent on experience, and we show through simulations that these adaptive changes in excitability provide memory on timescales ranging from milliseconds to seconds. On this account, spiking activity writes information into coupled dynamic variables that control adaptation and move at slower timescales than the membrane potential. From these variables, information is continuously read back into the active membrane state for processing. This neuronal memory mechanism does not rely on persistent activity, excitatory feedback, or synaptic plasticity for storage. Instead, information is maintained in adaptive conductances that reduce firing rates and can be accessed directly without cued retrieval. Memory span is systematically related to both the time constant of adaptation and baseline levels of neuronal excitability. Interference effects within memory arise when adaptation is long lasting. We demonstrate that this mechanism is sensitive to context and serial order which makes it suitable for temporal integration in sequence processing within the language domain. We also show that it enables the binding of linguistic features over time within dynamic memory registers. This work provides a step toward a computational neurobiology of language.

scholarly journals Spatial Attention Interacts With Serial-Order Retrieval From Verbal Working Memory

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1854-1859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe van Dijck ◽  
Elger L. Abrahamse ◽  
Steve Majerus ◽  
Wim Fias
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Verbal Working Memory

Animacy effects extend to working memory: results from serial order recall tasks

Memory ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Daley ◽  
Glenda Andrews ◽  
Karen Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Serial Order
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