The effect of object-based attention on cognitive tasks

The Effect of Retest Practice on the Speed-Ability Relationship

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.9.1.24 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 24-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sybille Rockstroh ◽

Karl Schweizer

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Skill Acquisition ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Cognitive Tasks ◽

General Intelligence ◽

Attention Switching ◽

Letter Comparison ◽

Sternberg Paradigm ◽

The Relationship ◽

Elementary Cognitive Tasks

Effects of four retest-practice sessions separated by 2 h intervals on the relationship between general intelligence and four reaction time tasks (two memory tests: Sternberg's memory scanning, Posner's letter comparison; and two attention tests: continuous attention, attention switching) were examined in a sample of 83 male participants. Reaction times on all tasks were shortened significantly. The effects were most pronounced with respect to the Posner paradigm and smallest with respect to the Sternberg paradigm. The relationship to general intelligence changed after practice for two reaction time tasks. It increased to significance for continuous attention and decreased for the Posner paradigm. These results indicate that the relationship between psychometric intelligence and elementary cognitive tasks depends on the ability of skill acquisition. In the search for the cognitive roots of intelligence the concept of learning seems to be of importance.

Download Full-text

Effects of Fatigue on Cognitive Performance in Long-Duration Simulated Flight Missions

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors ◽

10.1027/2192-0923/a000191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 82-93

Author(s):

Eduardo Rosa ◽

Ola Eiken ◽

Mikael Grönkvist ◽

Roger Kölegård ◽

Nicklas Dahlström ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Functions ◽

Task Performance ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Cognitive Tasks ◽

Fatigue Index ◽

Fighter Aircraft ◽

Long Duration ◽

Metacognitive Accuracy

Abstract. Fighter pilots may be exposed to extended flight missions. Consequently, there is increasing concern about fatigue. We investigated the effects of fatigue and cognitive performance in a simulated 11-hr mission in the 39 Gripen fighter aircraft. Five cognitive tasks were used to assess cognitive performance. Fatigue was measured with the Samn–Perelli Fatigue Index. Results showed that performance in the non-executive task degraded after approximately 7 hr. Fatigue ratings showed a matching trend to the performance in this task. Performance in tasks taxing executive functions did not decline. We interpreted that fatigue can be overridden by increased attentional effort for executive tasks but not for non-executive components of cognition. Participants underestimated their performance and metacognitive accuracy was not influenced by fatigue.

Download Full-text