Effort-reward imbalance, overcommitment, and mental illness in Chinese nurses: Cross-sectional and prospective associations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
N. Wege ◽  
J. Siegrist ◽  
B.H. Muller ◽  
H.M. Hasselhorn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

Effort-Reward Imbalance and Post-Traumatic Stress After a Workplace Terror Attack

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Camilla Hem ◽  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Marianne Bang Hansen ◽  
Trond Heir
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Reward Imbalance

AbstractObjectiveFollowing adverse work conditions, health consequences can be explained by an imbalance between the effort made and the reward received. We investigated the association between extra effort, perceived reward, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The Effort-Reward Imbalance Model was used to examine whether extra effort at work in the aftermath of a workplace-related terrorist attack affected the risk of PTSD and the effects of reward for extra effort from a leader or colleagues.MethodsCross-sectional data were collected 10 months after a terrorist attack in Norway in 2011. Out of 3520 Ministry employees invited, 1927 agreed to participate. Employees reported any extra effort performed as a result of the bomb explosion and any reward received from a leader or colleagues. PTSD was assessed with the PTSD Checklist.ResultsEmployees who reported extra effort displayed increased risk for PTSD (odds ratio [OR]=1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.55, P=0.008). Perceived reward for extra effort from a leader was associated with lower risk for PTSD (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.23-0.64, P<0.001) but not perceived reward from colleagues.ConclusionsExtra effort may increase the risk of PTSD, but reward from a leader may mitigate this effect. The Effort-Reward Imbalance Model appears to be an appropriate approach that may contribute to understanding of the etiology of work-related PTSD. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:219–224)

scholarly journals Psychosocial aspects of work and minor psychic disorders in nursing: use of combined models

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin Daiane Gabriel Pinhatti ◽  
Renata Perfeito Ribeiro ◽  
Marcos Hirata Soares ◽  
Júlia Trevisan Martins ◽  
Maria Ribeiro Lacerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Psychic Disorders ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Demand Control

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the combined use of models for the evaluation of work-related psychosocial aspects and their association with the prevalence of Minor Psychics Disorders among nursing workers. Method: cross-sectional study with a sample of 285 nursing workers. Data collection was performed through the application of a structured sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire and the Demand-Control-Support, Effort-Reward Imbalance and Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and a multiple logistic regression were performed. Results: the prevalence of suspicion of minor psychics disorders was 32.6%. The dimensions of both models were associated with mental health. The full Effort-Reward Imbalance and Demand-Control and Social Support models predict Minor Psychics Disorders to a greater extent than the combined use of partial models. Conclusion: it was found that the Effort-Reward Imbalance model captured better the magnitude of the Minor Psychics Disorders in this sample of workers compared to the Demand-Control and Social Support model. However, the concomitant use of the theoretical models revealed unique contributions in the evaluation of Minor Psychics Disorders. Considering the complexity of mental illnesses, it is important that different factors be evaluated.

The relationship between effort–reward imbalance and empathy among clinical nurses: A cross‐sectional online survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 3363-3372
Author(s):  
Lingling Kong ◽  
Wencai Li ◽  
Hongmei Wang ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Qing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Nurses ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Effort–reward imbalance at work, over-commitment personality and diet quality in Central and Eastern European populations

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1254-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Wei Chen ◽  
Anne Peasey ◽  
Denes Stefler ◽  
Sofia Malyutina ◽  
Andrzej Pajak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Stress ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Guideline ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Reward Imbalance

AbstractThe aims of this study were to investigate the associations between work stress defined by the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) model and diet quality and to examine the potential role of over-commitment (OC) personality in ERI–diet relationships. A cross-sectional study was conducted in random population samples of 6340 men and 5792 women (age 45–69 years) from the Czech Republic, Russia and Poland. Dietary data were collected using FFQ. The healthy diet indicator (HDI) was constructed using eight nutrient/food intakes (HDI components) to reflect the adherence to WHO dietary guideline. The extent of imbalance between effort and reward was measured by the effort:reward (ER) ratio; the effort score was the numerator and the reward score was multiplied by a factor adjusting for unequal number of items in the denominator. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess the associations between exposures (ER ratio and OC) and outcomes (HDI components and HDI) after adjustment for confounders and mediators. The results showed that high ER ratio and high OC were significantly associated with unhealthy diet quality. For a 1-sd increase in the ER ratio, HDI was reduced by 0·030 and 0·033 sd in men and women, and for a 1-sd increase in OC, HDI was decreased by 0·036 and 0·032 sd in men and women, respectively. The modifying role of OC in ERI–diet relationships was non-significant. To improve diet quality at workplace, a multiple-level approach combining organisational intervention for work stress and individual intervention for vulnerable personality is recommended.

Effort-Reward Imbalance and Intention to Retire Early in Australian Healthcare Workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Hodgkin ◽  
Warren Paul ◽  
Jeni Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Strain ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objectives – Retaining older workers in the Australian Healthcare System in rural areas is critical in preventing an imminent workforce crisis. Traditionally, healthcare workers have retired earlier than other groups. Using an internationally recognised model of job stress, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) in predicting psychological strain and intention to retire in older Australian healthcare workers. Method – Utilising a cross-sectional design, data was obtained from 295 women and men aged over 55 years, working as professional healthcare workers in a rural Australian setting. ERI was measured using the 23-item scale developed by Siegrist (Siegrist, 2002); psychological strain was measured using the 12-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and a question on retirement intentions was developed. Results – The results confirm that those employees who experience high ERI and higher levels of overcommitment (OVC) experience psychological strain. Support for the three-way interaction was mixed: at low levels of OVC, higher levels of effort and increasing reward decreased strain, yet at high levels of OVC, increasing reward increased strain. This study could not confirm an association between intention to retire early and effort, reward, OVC or strain.

The relationship between transformational leadership and effort-reward imbalance

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Ellen Weiß ◽  
Stefan Süß
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individualized Consideration

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and effort-reward imbalance as well as the moderating role of overcommitment and subjective well-being. In particular, the study focuses on the transformational leadership component individualized consideration and its relationship with effort-reward imbalance. Design/methodology/approach – Using linear hierarchical regression analyses, the authors tested four hypotheses on a broad sample of 229 German employees. Findings – The results confirm the expected relationship between transformational leadership and effort-reward imbalance and that the strongest relationship exists with individualized consideration. However, there is no support for the hypothesized moderating effects. Research limitations/implications – First, the recruitment of the sample via fora and periodicals may bias the results. Second, the dependent and the independent variables were assessed with the same method, thus facilitating a common method bias. Third, the study underlies a cross-sectional design which does not allow drawing conclusions on causality. Practical implications – The findings provide implications for leaders by showing that the most effective leadership behaviours are those encompassed by the transformational leadership component individualized consideration when it comes to reducing negative health effects of adverse working conditions. Furthermore, the results suggest that overcommitment plays a major role for employees’ effort-reward imbalance and should thus be addressed by specific training measures. Originality/value – Researchers have devoted little attention to revealing how effort-reward imbalance can be avoided or reduced by leaders. The study attempts to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and transformational leadership.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Correlation Between Effort-reward Imbalance and Sleep Quality Among Community Health Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexue Deng ◽  
Ronghua Fang ◽  
Yaoting Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: A chronic state of imbalance between effort and reward can affect sleep quality. However, few studies have explored the relationship between variables in the ERI model and sleep quality in community health workers in mainland China. We investigated the relationship between effort–reward imbalance and sleep quality in community health workers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2018 and involved 249 registered doctors and 223 registered nurses. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep disorder status of participants. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire was administered to evaluate job-related stress. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the factors related to sleep quality. Results: The ERI ratio of 472 health workers was 1.17 ± 0.22, and 273 health workers (57.84%) had PSQI scores >7. There were statistically significant differences in effort scores, overcommitment scores and the total ERI ratio between the health workers with sleep disorders and those without sleep disorders. The ERI ratio was an independent risk factor for sleep quality; age, education, type of work, shift work, and job title were related to the ERI ratio. Conclusions: This study found that sleep disorders were prevalent, work effort was greater than reward and a positive correlation between effort-reward and sleep quality among the health workers community in China. Managers should pay attention to the factors that influence sleep disorders among community health workers, balance the efforts and rewards of work, and reduce the incidence of sleep disorders.

scholarly journals Effort-Reward Imbalance, Over-Commitment and Depressive Episodes at Work: Evidence from the ELSA-Brasil Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Araújo ◽  
Johannes Siegrist ◽  
Arlinda B. Moreno ◽  
Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca ◽  
Sandhi M. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Depressive Episodes

A growing burden of mental illness, and in particular depression, among workers is a concern of occupational public health. Scientific evidence has revealed consistent associations of work-related stress, as measured by theoretical models, with depression, but mostly so in developed countries. This contribution explores these associations in a developing Latin American country, Brazil, by applying an internationally established work stress model, the effort-reward imbalance (ERI). This model focuses on the work contract where unjust exchange between high efforts spent and low rewards received in turn contributes to stress-related disorders. The model’s extrinsic (‘effort’, ‘reward’) and intrinsic components (‘over-commitment’), as well as their combination, are hypothesized to be related to a higher risk of depressive episodes (DE). Using cross-sectional data from the ELSA-Brasil study, including 10,034 workers from the public sector, we observed increased prevalence ratio (PR) of DE according to ERI scales. The quartiles of highest ‘effort’ (PR = 1.85; 1.44–2.37), highest ‘over-commitment’ (PR = 3.62; 2.80–4.70) and lowest ‘reward’ (PR = 3.44; 2.55–4.64) were associated with DE, on adjusted models, as well was the E–R ratio (PR = 2.47; 1.92–3.17). An additive interaction was identified between the E–R ratio and ‘over-commitment’. The results support the use of ERI as a screening tool for work stress in the Brazilian context and will offer guidance for worksite health promotion programs.

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