The effect of complex psychopharmacotherapy (cerebrolysin with typical neuroleptics) on autism severity in mild/moderate and severe childhood autism

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Bashina ◽  
M. G. Krasnoperova
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Autism Severity ◽  
Typical Neuroleptics

Metabolism-Associated Markers and Childhood Autism Rating Scales (CARS) as a Measure of Autism Severity

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afaf El-Ansary ◽  
Geir Bjørklund ◽  
Asma M. Khemakhem ◽  
Laila Al-Ayadhi ◽  
Salvatore Chirumbolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Autism Severity

scholarly journals Tactile cortical responses and association with tactile reactivity in young children on the autism spectrum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Espenhahn ◽  
Kate J. Godfrey ◽  
Sakshi Kaur ◽  
Maia Ross ◽  
Niloy Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Real World ◽  
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Early Childhood Autism

Abstract Background Unusual behavioral reactions to sensory stimuli are frequently reported in individuals on the autism spectrum (AS). Despite the early emergence of sensory features (< age 3) and their potential impact on development and quality of life, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying sensory reactivity in early childhood autism. Methods Here, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate tactile cortical processing in young children aged 3–6 years with autism and in neurotypical (NT) children. Scalp EEG was recorded from 33 children with autism, including those with low cognitive and/or verbal abilities, and 45 age- and sex-matched NT children during passive tactile fingertip stimulation. We compared properties of early and later somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) and their adaptation with repetitive stimulation between autistic and NT children and assessed whether these neural measures are linked to “real-world” parent-reported tactile reactivity. Results As expected, we found elevated tactile reactivity in children on the autism spectrum. Our findings indicated no differences in amplitude or latency of early and mid-latency somatosensory-evoked potentials (P50, N80, P100), nor adaptation between autistic and NT children. However, latency of later processing of tactile information (N140) was shorter in young children with autism compared to NT children, suggesting faster processing speed in young autistic children. Further, correlational analyses and exploratory analyses using tactile reactivity as a grouping variable found that enhanced early neural responses were associated with greater tactile reactivity in autism. Limitations The relatively small sample size and the inclusion of a broad range of autistic children (e.g., with low cognitive and/or verbal abilities) may have limited our power to detect subtle group differences and associations. Hence, replications are needed to verify these results. Conclusions Our findings suggest that electrophysiological somatosensory cortex processing measures may be indices of “real-world” tactile reactivity in early childhood autism. Together, these findings advance our understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying tactile reactivity in early childhood autism and, in the clinical context, may have therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals Maternal toxoplasmosis and the risk of childhood autism: serological and molecular small-scale studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila S. Al Malki ◽  
Nahed Ahmed Hussien ◽  
Fuad Al Malki
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Repetitive Behavior ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Delayed Language Development

Abstract Background Toxoplasmosis resulting from infection with the Toxoplasma parasite has become an endemic disease worldwide. Recently, a few studies have reported a high prevalence of Toxoplasmosis infections among Saudi Arabian women. This disease could become life threatening for pregnant women and for immunodeficient people. There is evidence that infections during pregnancy, especially in the early stages, are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism disorder represents one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide; it is associated with delayed language development, weak communication interaction, and repetitive behavior. The relationship between prenatal toxoplasmosis and autism in childhood remains unclear. The present study aims to report a link between maternal toxoplasmosis and autistic offspring among Saudi Arabian women. Method Blood samples (36 maternal, 36 from their non-autistic children, and 36 from their autistic children) were collected for serological and molecular evaluation. Results A toxoplasmosis infection was reported for 33.34% of participants using an ELISA assay (5.56% IgG+/IgM+, 11.11% IgG−/IgM+, and 16.67% IgG+/IgM-); however, a nested PCR assay targeting B1 toxoplasmosis specific genes recorded positive tests for 80.56% of the samples. In addition, the present study detected several points of mutation of mtDNA including NADH dehydrogenase (ND1, ND4) and Cyt B genes and the nDNA pyruvate kinase (PK) gene for autistic children infected with toxoplasmosis. Conclusion Considering previous assumptions, we suggest that a maternal toxoplasmosis infection could have a role in the development of childhood autism linked to mtDNA and nDNA impairment.

scholarly journals Comparação dos instrumentos Childhood Autism Rating Scale e Autism Behavior Checklist na identificação e caracterização de indivíduos com distúrbios do espectro autístico

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Helena Ferreira Santos ◽  
Milene Rossi Pereira Barbosa ◽  
Ana Gabriela Lopes Pimentel ◽  
Camila Andrioli Lacerda ◽  
Juliana Izidro Balestro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Childhood Autism Rating Scale ◽  
Autism Behavior Checklist ◽  
Autism Behavior

OBJETIVO: Comparar as respostas dos instrumentos Childhood Autism Rating Scale e Autism Behavior Checklist na identificação e caracterização de indivíduos com Distúrbios do Espectro Autístico. MÉTODOS: Participaram 28 indivíduos que estavam em atendimento fonoaudiológico e possuíam diagnósticos inseridos no Espectro do Autismo. Todos foram avaliados por meio dos instrumentos Autism Behavior Checklist e Childhood Autism Rating Scale a partir de informações obtidas, respectivamente, com pais e terapeutas. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente em relação à concordância das respostas obtidas. Foram considerados concordantes os resultados de alta ou moderada probabilidade para autismo no Autism Behavior Checklist e com autismo leve-moderado ou grave na Childhood Autism Rating Scale, e respostas de baixa probabilidade no Autism Behavior Checklist e sem autismo na Childhood Autism Rating Scale. RESULTADOS: Houve concordância na maior parte das respostas obtidas. Casos em que houve discordância entre os resultados obtidos a partir dos protocolos corroboram dados da literatura, evidenciando que os instrumentos podem não ser suficientes, quando aplicados isoladamente para a definição do diagnóstico. CONCLUSÃO: Enquanto a Childhood Autism Rating Scale pode não diagnosticar crianças efetivamente autistas, o Autism Behavior Checklist pode incluir como autistas, crianças com outros distúrbios. Portanto, recomenda-se o uso complementar dos dois instrumentos.

scholarly journals Comparison of high-functioning atypical autism and childhood autism by Childhood Autism Rating Scale-Tokyo version

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIEKO KANAI ◽  
TOMONORI KOYAMA ◽  
SEIKA KATO ◽  
YUKI. MIYAMOTO ◽  
HIROKAZU OSADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Childhood Autism ◽  
Childhood Autism Rating Scale ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Atypical Autism

NOVEL USES OF TYPICAL NEUROLEPTICS

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S301
Author(s):  
W. T. Carpenter ◽  
D. W. Heinrichs
Keyword(s):  
Typical Neuroleptics
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