Particularly Exciting Experiments in Psychology: Repetition and Perceptual Fluency

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Fluency

Perceptual Effects and Recollective Experience in Face Recognition

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrisanthi Nega
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Perceptual Fluency ◽  
Recollective Experience ◽  
Trace Strength ◽  
Size Congruency

Abstract. Four experiments were conducted investigating the effect of size congruency on facial recognition memory, measured by remember, know and guess responses. Different study times were employed, that is extremely short (300 and 700 ms), short (1,000 ms), and long times (5,000 ms). With the short study time (1,000 ms) size congruency occurred in knowing. With the long study time the effect of size congruency occurred in remembering. These results support the distinctiveness/fluency account of remembering and knowing as well as the memory systems account, since the size congruency effect that occurred in knowing under conditions that facilitated perceptual fluency also occurred independently in remembering under conditions that facilitated elaborative encoding. They do not support the idea that remember and know responses reflect differences in trace strength.

The Effect of Perceptual Fluency on Goal Evaluation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie E. Hall ◽  
Heather M. Claypool
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Fluency

scholarly journals Different Impact of Perceptual Fluency and Schema Congruency on Sustainable Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7040
Author(s):  
Beat Meier ◽  
Michèle C. Muhmenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Perceptual Fluency ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Desirable Difficulties ◽  
Design Learning ◽  
Cognition And Learning ◽  
Incorrect Information

Perceptual fluency, that is, the ease with which people perceive information, has diverse effects on cognition and learning. For example, when judging the truth of plausible but incorrect information, easy-to-read statements are incorrectly judged as true while difficult to read statements are not. As we better remember information that is consistent with pre-existing schemata (i.e., schema congruency), statements judged as true should be remembered better, which would suggest that fluency boosts memory. Another line of research suggests that learning information from hard-to-read statements enhances subsequent memory compared to easy-to-read statements (i.e., desirable difficulties). In the present study, we tested these possibilities in two experiments with student participants. In the study phase, they read plausible statements that were either easy or difficult to read and judged their truth. To assess the sustainability of learning, the test phase in which we tested recognition memory for these statements was delayed for 24 h. In Experiment 1, we manipulated fluency by presenting the statements in colors that made them easy or difficult to read. In Experiment 2, we manipulated fluency by presenting the statements in font types that made them easy or difficult to read. Moreover, in Experiment 2, memory was tested either immediately or after a 24 h delay. In both experiments, the results showed a consistent effect of schema congruency, but perceptual fluency did not affect sustainable learning. However, in the immediate test of Experiment 2, perceptual fluency enhanced memory for schema-incongruent materials. Thus, perceptual fluency can boost initial memory for schema-incongruent memory most likely due to short-lived perceptual traces, which are cropped during consolidation, but does not boost sustainable learning. We discuss these results in relation to research on the role of desirable difficulties for student learning, to effects of cognitive conflict on subsequent memory, and more generally in how to design learning methods and environments in a sustainable way.

How the perceptual fluency of price discounts and promotional cues affect consumer responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kikyoung Park ◽  
Gangseog Ryu ◽  
Youngjee Han
Keyword(s):  
Combined Effect ◽  
Perceptual Fluency ◽  
Processing Fluency ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Price Discounts

We investigated the combined effect on consumers of the perceptual fluency of price discounts and the two promotional cues of discount duration and frequency. We proposed that consumers' initial responses to price discounts would be maintained or modified depending on the processing fluency of discount information. Results from 2 experiments showed that when a promotional cue implied a short discount duration or low discount frequency and the discount information was difficult to process, participants perceived the duration as longer or the frequency as higher, and they evaluated the product less favorably if the discount information was difficult to process compared to if it was easy to process. On the contrary, when a cue implied a long discount duration or a high discount frequency, participants perceived the duration as shorter or the frequency as lower and evaluated the product more favorably if the discount information was difficult to process compared to if it was easy to process. We show conditions in which processing disfluency can be beneficial.

Mere Exposure Effect Is Sometimes Insensitive to Mood Inductions

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Mikael Molet ◽  
Paul Craddock ◽  
Alana J. Osroff ◽  
Patty Li ◽  
Tessa L. Livingston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Uncertainty Reduction ◽  
Mere Exposure ◽  
Perceptual Fluency ◽  
Mere Exposure Effect ◽  
Exposure Effect ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Novel Objects

Abstract. The mere exposure effect (MEE) is defined as repeated exposures to a stimulus enhancing affective evaluations of that stimulus ( Zajonc, 1968 ). The three prominent explanations of the MEE are Zajonc's “neophobia” account, the uncertainty reduction account, and the perceptual fluency approach. Zajonc's “neophobia” account posits that people have an inherent low level of fear of novel objects and exposure to the objects partially extinguishes this novelty-based fear. The uncertainty reduction account asserts that people find uncertainty aversive and habituation reduces uncertainty. The fluency account postulates that people “like” representations of things with which they are fluent. In four experiments, we induced positive and negative moods before or after target exposures. In addition to assessing the MEE in each condition, we assessed the mood induction. The central hypothesis assessed in this series was that there would be an interaction between mood and the MEE. Although the three accounts of the MEE generated divergent predictions, none of the accounts were well supported by the data. Tests for mood induction demonstrated the efficacy of the induction procedures and the MEE was consistently observed, but Bayesian analysis indicated that at least in the present preparation mood had no effect on the MEE.

scholarly journals Three minutes to change preferences: perceptual fluency and response inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 200766
Author(s):  
Bryony McKean ◽  
Jonathan C. Flavell ◽  
Harriet Over ◽  
Steven P. Tipper
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Real World ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Perceptual Fluency ◽  
Preference Change ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
Short Video ◽  
Single Intervention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Perceptual fluency and response inhibition are well-established techniques to unobtrusively manipulate preference: objects are devalued following association with disfluency or inhibition. These approaches to preference change are extensively studied individually, but there is less research examining the impact of combining the two techniques in a single intervention. In short (3 min) game-like tasks, we examine the preference and memory effects of perceptual fluency and inhibition individually, and then the cumulative effects of combining the two techniques. The first experiment confirmed that perceptual fluency and inhibition techniques influence immediate preference judgements but, somewhat surprisingly, combining these techniques did not lead to greater effects than either technique alone. The second experiment replicated the first but with changes to much more closely imitate a real-world application: measuring preference after 20 min of unrelated intervening tasks, modifying the retrieval context via room change, and generalization from computer images of objects to real-world versions of those objects. Here, the individual effects of perceptual fluency and inhibition were no longer detected, whereas combining these techniques resulted in preference change. These results demonstrate the potential of short video games as a means of influencing behaviour, such as food choices to improve health and well-being.

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