Are Stable Evaluative Judgments the Result of Chronic Accessibility or Retrieved Attitudes?: Long Live (Strong) Attitudes!

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Nayakankuppam ◽  
Oseph R. Priester
Keyword(s):  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Chronic Accessibility

scholarly journals Emotional Reasoning and Psychopathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Amelia Gangemi ◽  
Margherita Dahò ◽  
Francesco Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
External World ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Emotional Reasoning ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
External Events ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Valid Information

One of the several ways in which affect may influence cognition is when people use affect as a source of information about external events. Emotional reasoning, ex-consequentia reasoning, and affect-as-information are terms referring to the mechanism that can lead people to take their emotions as information about the external world, even when the emotion is not generated by the situation to be evaluated. Pre-existing emotions may thus bias evaluative judgments of unrelated events or topics. From this perspective, the more people experience a particular kind of affect, the more they may rely on it as a source of valid information. Indeed, in several studies, it was found that adult patients suffering from psychological disorders tend to use negative affect to estimate the negative event as more severe and more likely and to negatively evaluate preventive performance. The findings on this topic have contributed to the debate that theorizes the use of emotional reasoning as responsible for the maintenance of dysfunctional beliefs and the pathological disorders based on these beliefs. The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic by reviewing and discussing the main studies in this area, leading to a deeper understanding of this phenomenon.

scholarly journals LEXICAL METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EVALUATION CATEGORIES IN THE GERMAN NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
E. A. Zimina
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
German Press ◽  
German Newspaper ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind

Te article is focused on the most effective lexical ways that serve to create evaluation in the news and comments of the electronic German press. Pragmatic adequacy, which is determined by the interaction of the evaluation component and content, specifes the requirement for the effectiveness and efciency of communication between the recipient and the target audience. Te article describes the examples of metaphors expressing implicit evaluation in the texts of publicistic discourse. Conceptual metaphor is effectively used in newspapers with pragmatic purposes, aiming at transforming the worldview of the addressee. Vivid images created by evaluative metaphors exert a psychological affect on the mind; impose a distorted idea of reality, not coinciding with the one of the recipient, which ultimately leads to the information perceived at a desired angle. Te article analyzes the metaphorical meanings of military, medical and theatrical terms, emphasizes their ability to express the implicit evaluative judgments of the addressee and influence public opinion. Successful political metaphor has argumentative and heuristic potential; it forms the attitude to reality in question.

The Role of Prior Message Context in Evaluative Judgments of High- and Low-Diversity Messages

1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Bradac ◽  
Robert A. Davies ◽  
John A. Courtright
Keyword(s):  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Low Diversity

The ideologist Yu.N. Govorukha-Otrok and the philosopher N.Ya. Grot: polemics of 1890–1891

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Аleksandr А. Ermichev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The article analyzes a little-known episode in the history of Russian philoso­phy – the polemic of the editor of the journal “Questions of Philosophy and Psy­chology” N.Ya. Grot and the outstanding publicist of the conservative newspaper “Moskovskie Vedomosti” Yu.N. Govorukha-a boy who spoke under the pseudo­nym Yu. Nikolaev. The controversy took place in the first year of the magazine’s existence, when the principle and direction of the editorial policy were deter­mined. Yu.N. Govorukha-Otrok, sharing together with N.Ya. Grotto hope that the journal will lead to the formation of Russian national philosophy, insisted on the conscious circulation of the publication to the Slavophile tradition, defining the end goal of philosophical search for the creation of the Orthodox meta­physics meet the needs of aboriginal people's lives. His opponent, N.Ya. Grot, was a typical representative of the liberalism of the 80s of the XIX century, which was undecided in its socio-political preferences. Being a neophyte of meta­physics, the editor of “Questions” proceeded from an understanding of the ratio­nal nature of philosophical knowledge and justified the variety of directions of philosophical searches. He gave the pages of his magazine to the positivist authors from the liberal populist camp, which was completely unacceptable to his opponent. Thus, the circumstances of public life complicated the nature of the polemic on the issues of theoretical content and introduced social-evaluative judgments into it. Talker-Boy considered the polemic as an episode of the world-historical struggle of Christianity with the eudaemonistic idea of progress. The article claims that the subsequent development of Russian philosophy in the early twentieth century confirmed the correctness of the editorial line of the journal.

The Covenant Paradox

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Sniderman ◽  
Michael Bang Petersen ◽  
Rune Slothuus ◽  
Rune Stubager
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Temporal Logic ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
The Way

This chapter presents a theory of the covenant paradox, i.e., the moral covenant underpinning the welfare state that simultaneously promotes equal treatment for (some) immigrants and provides a platform for discrimination against (other) immigrants. It first discusses under what conditions and why the moral premises of the welfare state favor the equal treatment of immigrants. It then considers under what conditions and why the very same moral premises open the door to discrimination against immigrants. It shows that the key to these contradictory outcomes is the temporal logic of evaluative judgments. Prospective judgments of benefits and obligations favor equal treatment. Retrospective judgments, again of benefits and obligations, pave the way for discriminatory treatment.

VALUE CONSCIOUSNESS: AN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR KUZMENKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Idea ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
A Value ◽  
Value Consciousness ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Objective Being

The purpose of the research. The article consider value consciousness is a special sphere of human consciousness that has its own structure and characteristic features. It was discovered in the phenomenological axiology of E. Husserl, M. Scheler, N. Hartmann and D. von Hildebrand. One of the main achievements was the discovery of value intuition-a sense of comprehension of values. The purpose of this article is to systematize knowledge about value consciousness. Results. Value consciousness has its own structure: value intuition; affectivity; free will; evaluation, evaluative judgments; rationality and prejudice of value. The value prejudice plays a general idea of the value consciousness. The way to realize value consciousness is a value response. It performs cognitive and praxiological roles. The definition of value consciousness is given as a way of correlating the real and ideal worlds, through which a person enters into value relations with the world and embodies values. The boundaries between personal and group types of value consciousness are drawn: individual consciousness is more affective, values are realized only through it, it is more complex. Positive and negative experiences, especially suffering and the feeling of death, are identified as sources of value consciousness formation. The fundamental characteristic of value consciousness is its determination by both ideal and real worlds, which leads to the emergence of “disconnection”. This is alienation from objective being, good, higher values as a result of the defeat of consciousness by “value blindness”, moral indifference. They are based on the love of low things, due to the inability to know the highest values.

‘Like Shakespeare it's a Good Thing’: Cultural Value in the Classroom

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Sara Bragg
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Multiple Value

Questions of cultural value, aesthetics and evaluative judgments have vexed media education since its inception. Whilst they continue to count heavily both in teachers' conceptions of the work they do, and in students' responses to it, they have become increasingly problematic in contemporary society. The diverse environments of contemporary schools and the capacity of new media technologies to foster different taste communities have contributed to the dispersal of cultural authority and undermined traditional judgments. This article addresses how we might approach cultural value through a case study approach, exploring multiple value judgments deployed by teachers and students in post-16 classroom practice. It shows how current pedagogical thinking about cultural value does not take into account the complexity of classroom life, particularly its social relations and young people's awareness of the valorised identities and ‘supervisory discourses’ that circulate there. It explores specific educational practices that might make it possible for students to enter into debates about value, taste and preference.

Assessing the Role of Contingency Awareness in Attitudinal Conditioning with Implications for Advertising Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris T. Allen ◽  
Chris A. Janiszewski
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Contingency Learning ◽  
Television Commercials ◽  
Conditioning Procedure ◽  
Contingency Awareness ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Post Hoc

The authors investigate a basic mechanism for shaping attitudes that has largely been ignored by empirical researchers in the marketing discipline. Two experiments are reported in which traditional Pavlovian procedures are merged with a view of conditioning that encourages theorizing about attendant cognitive processes. The data indicate that contingency learning or awareness may be a requirement for successful attitudinal conditioning. Contingency awareness entails conscious recognition of the relational pattern between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli used in a conditioning procedure. In experiment 1, the conditioning procedure affected the evaluative judgments of subjects who were classified ( post hoc) as contingency aware. In experiment 2, instructions that promoted contingency learning as part of the procedure again influenced participants’ attitude judgments. Implications are offered for theory development and for constructing advertisements to foster attitudinal conditioning. Specific suggestions for further research on how one might structure television commercials to foster contingency learning also are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document