The Misinformation Effect and Eyewitness Testimony: Are we as Accurate in Recalling an Event as we Think we Are?

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Misinformation Effect

scholarly journals RE-EVALUATING THE CREDIBILITY OF EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY: THE MISINFORMATION EFFECT AND THE OVERCRITICAL JUROR

Episteme ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-279
Author(s):  
Katherine Puddifoot
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Misinformation Effect ◽  
False Information

ABSTRACTEyewitnesses are susceptible to recollecting that they experienced an event in a way that is consistent with false information provided to them after the event. The effect is commonly called the misinformation effect. Because jurors tend to find eyewitness testimony compelling and persuasive, it is argued that jurors are likely to give inappropriate credence to eyewitness testimony, judging it to be reliable when it is not. It is argued that jurors should be informed about psychological findings on the misinformation effect, to ensure that they lower the credence that they give to eyewitness testimony to reflect the unreliability of human memory that is demonstrated by the effect. Here I present a new argument, the overcritical juror argument, to support the conclusion that eyewitnesses are likely to make inappropriate credence assignments to eyewitness testimony. Whereas previously authors have argued that jurors will tend to give too much credence to eyewitness testimony, I identify circumstances in which jurors will give too little credence to some pieces of testimony. In my view jurors should be informed by psychological findings relating to the misinformation effect to ensure that they do not lower the credence that they give to eyewitness testimony when they should not.

scholarly journals Promoting eyewitness testimony quality: Warning vs. reinforced self-affirmation as methods of reduction of the misinformation effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malwina Szpitalak ◽  
Romuald Polczyk
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Misinformation Effect ◽  
Typical Experiment ◽  
Group Report ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Original Event

Abstract In a typical experiment on the misinformation effect, subjects first watch some event, afterwards read a description of it which in the experimental group includes some incorrect details, and answer questions relating to the original event. Typically, subjects in the misled experimental group report more false details than those from the control group. The main purpose of the presented study was to compare two methods of reducing the misinformation effect, namely - warning against misinformation and reinforced self-affirmation. The reinforced self-affirmation consists of two elements: the participants recall their greatest achievements of life, and are being given a positive feedback about their performance in a memory task. The obtained results showed that the reinforced self-affirmation was more effective than warning, although the latter also caused a significant reduction of the vulnerability to misinformation.

On the "general acceptance" of eyewitness testimony research: A new survey of the experts.

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul M. Kassin ◽  
V. Anne Tubb ◽  
Harmon M. Hosch ◽  
Amina Memon
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
General Acceptance

Manipulation of Response Rate and Status in Eyewitness Testimony

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dannie Sue Mezei ◽  
Frederick G. Grieve ◽  
Kristie Moore ◽  
Julie George
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony

Specific and general warnings in the misinformation effect

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlos Luna ◽  
Philip A. Higham ◽  
Hartmut Blank
Keyword(s):  
Misinformation Effect
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