Antidepressant Medications: Miracle Drugs or Placebos With A Buzz? Meta-Analysis of Drug Studies Spawns Lively Debate In Prevention & Treatment, APA's New Online Journal

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Online Journal ◽  
Antidepressant Medications ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Drug Studies

scholarly journals Clinical trials of antidepressant medications are producing meaningless results

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker ◽  
Ian M. Anderson ◽  
Peter Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Antidepressant Medications ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Uk

A recent alert from the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines stated that the dangers of treatment of depression with paroxetine outweigh the benefits in those under 18. Such a warning should focus our minds on the evidence on which clinical practice is based. Antidepressant treatment of depression in the under-18s has been thought to be justified because clinical trials show that it works so well in over-18s. But is that a reasonable assessment of the evidence? Kirsch et al (2002) use the analogy of ‘The Emperor's New Clothes' to describe the findings from their meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants. They conclude that antidepressant medication appears to have only a small effect on outcome over and above placebo. In this analogy psychiatry is the emperor, drug trials are the fraudsters and the deception is being revealed by a growing body of critical opinion proposing that, once methodological problems with clinical trials are taken into account, antidepressants either do not work at all or have an effect that is so small as to be clinically unimportant (Andrews, 2001; Moncrieff, 2002). A large number of randomised placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants have been carried out over the past decades, mostly funded by the pharmaceutical industry, and it is now recognised that about 50% of negative trials go unpublished (Thase, 1999). Meanwhile, unipolar depression has jumped into the top five of the world's total burden of disease, and there is an imperative need for effective and safe treatments. Do we need more randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressant medications, or has that research paradigm outlived its usefulness? In this month's debate, Professor Gordon Parker, University of New South Wales and Black Dog Institute, Australia, and Drs Ian Anderson and Peter Haddad from the University of Manchester discuss whether clinical trials for antidepressant medication produce meaningless results.

Efficacy of Acute Treatment for Geriatric Depression

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. 7-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lon S. Schneider ◽  
Jason T. Olin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Antidepressant Medications ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

The antidepressant literature for depression in late life tends to be interpreted as saying that certain antidepressant medications—e.g., nortriptyline, doxepin, fluoxetine—have fewer and milder side effects than others, whereas overall efficacy is equivalent (Plotkin et al., 1987; Rush, 1993; Salzman et al., 1995; Schneider, 1994). Further examination of this literature, however, suggests that both efficacy and side effect rates for any particular medication vary among trials, and often depend on the medications being compared, the use of placebe, the dose, and the design of the trial.In this report we review selected clinical trials, and summarize and discuss a previously published meta-analysis. Treatment recommendations from the 1991 NIH Consensus Development Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in Late Life and from the Agency for Health Care Policy Research are discussed. Directions for fume research are suggested.Both antidepressant medications and brief structured psychotherapies have efficacy in the acute treatment of elderly depressed outpatients with major unipolar, nondelusional depression. Effective treatment for depression involves consideration of the type and severity of illness, adequate prescribing, patient education, and regular patient monitoring for compliance, symptom change, side effects, and intercurrent medical disorders, which may complicate antidepressant therapy.

scholarly journals META-ANALISIS PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-305
Author(s):  
Ririn Mustaqimatul Luthfiyah ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Taufiq ◽  
Muhammad Syamsul Ghufron ◽  
Akhwani Akhwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Model Learning ◽  
Online Journal ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Improve Student Learning

This study aims to describe the use of the Teams Games Tournament learning model towards learning outcomes in elementary schools. The method used in this study is the meta-analysis method. This research begins by formulating the topic to be investigated, then making the formulation of the problem and the purpose of the research, at the next stage collecting relevant articles to collect data. The data was obtained from online journal searches through Google Scholar. The keywords used are "Teams Games Tournament learning model" and "learning outcomes". From the search results there are 10 articles. Data obtained and analyzed again using quantitative methods. Based on the analysis of the Teams Games Tournament learning model with proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes with the significant result after being given treatment that 63.2 compared with the result before give treatment that is equal to 56.21 so thath in increases by 6.99. Keywords: Teams Games Tournament learning model, Learning Outcomes, Elementary School.

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