Violent Children: Developmental Trajectories and Risk Factors

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Aber ◽  
◽  
J. L. Brown ◽  
S. M. Jones ◽  
P. A. Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Trajectories

New Statistical Methods Inspired by Data Collected from Alcohol and Substance Abuse Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Buu ◽  
Runze Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Regression Splines ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Measurement Reactivity ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Highly Correlated

This chapter provides a nontechnical review of new statistical methodology for longitudinal data analysis that has been published in statistical journals in recent years. The methodology has applications in four important areas: (1) conducting variable selection among many highly correlated risk factors when the outcome measure is zero-inflated count; (2) characterizing developmental trajectories of symptomatology using regression splines; (3) modeling the longitudinal association between risk factors and substance use outcomes as time-varying effects; and (4) testing measurement reactivity and predictive validity using daily process data. The excellent statistical properties of the methods introduced have been supported by simulation studies. The applications in alcohol and substance abuse research have also been demonstrated by graphs on real longitudinal data.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated With Boys’ and Girls’ Developmental Trajectories of Physical Aggression From Early Childhood Through Early Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e186364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Teymoori ◽  
Sylvana M. Côté ◽  
Bobby L. Jones ◽  
Daniel S. Nagin ◽  
Michel Boivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Factors Associated

DOZ047.81: Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with AE: developmental trajectories in the first year of life

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Bevilacqua ◽  
B Ragni ◽  
L Valfrè ◽  
A Conforti ◽  
A Braguglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
First Year ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Esophageal atresia (EA) prognosis have improved significantly over the past three decades. Research and clinical attention has shifted to neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life. Aim The aim of this study wasto examine neurodevelopmental outcomes and to identify clinical and sociodemographic risk factors in a cohort of infants with EA. Methods An observational prospective longitudinal study was conducted between 2009 and 2017. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 and 12 months by Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development—3rd Edition. Clinical and sociodemographic variables included were gender, birthweight, gestational age, associated malformations, number of hospitalizations, surgeries and dilatations at 12 months, days of mechanical ventilation, parental age, education level, and socioeconomic status. Results Ninety-six infants were enrolled in the study at 6 months and 73 of them were evaluated also at 12 months. Analysis showed significant differences between motor development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 95.39, SD = 15.71; M12 = 91.83, SD = 12.87; t = 0.245, P = 0.017); significant differences emerged also between cognitive development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 91.80, SD = 11.70; M12 = 100.92, SD = 15.39; t = −5.10, p = .000). Infants with long-gap AE achieved the worst scores in cognitive (r = -.28, P < .01) and motor scales (r = -.36, P < .01) at 6 months and in motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.30, P < 0.05). More days of mechanical ventilation were related to a lower score in both the cognitive (6 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05; 12 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05) and motor scale (6 months: r = −0.38, P < 0.01; 12 months r = −0.42, P < 0.01). A major number of interventions in the first year of life were related to lower scores in the motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusions Infants operated on for AE are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first year of life. Findings support the association between neurodevelopmental outcomes and clinical risk factors. Careful interdisciplinary follow-up is essential for early detection of neurodevelopmental delay.

Anxiety in Early Adolescence: Heterogeneous Developmental Trajectories, Associations with Risk Factors and Depressive Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro de la Torre-Luque ◽  
Aina Fiol-Veny ◽  
Maria Balle ◽  
Stefanie A. Nelemans ◽  
Xavier Bornas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Trajectories

Developmental multi-trajectory of irritability, anxiety, and hyperactivity as psychological markers of heterogeneity in childhood aggression

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules R. Dugré ◽  
Stéphane Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Childhood Aggression ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Child Aggression ◽  
Early Risk ◽  
Early Risk Factors

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence suggests that child aggression is likely to be driven by multiple developmental pathways. However, little is known about the complex interactions between developmental trajectories of child psychological factors (such as anxiety, irritability, and hyperactivity/impulsivity dimensions) and their associations with aggression from childhood to adolescence. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify clusters of individuals with different developmental multi-trajectory, investigate their early risk factors, and describe their longitudinal associations with physical aggression. Method The sample comprised 4898 children derived from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. A parallel process growth mixture model was used to identify developmental multi-trajectory groups at 5, 9 and 15 years old. Associations between multi-trajectory group membership and physical aggression were examined with Generalized Estimating Equations models. Finally, multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess perinatal and early risk factors for multi-trajectory groups. Results Multi-trajectory groups differed in the magnitude of risk for exhibiting physical aggression, compared to typically developing children. The risk for physical aggression was the most prominent in children who were hyperactive/impulsive and irritable [odds ratio (OR) 6.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.44–7.70] and hyperactive/impulsive, irritable, and anxious (OR 7.68; CI 6.62–8.91). Furthermore, maternal cigarette and alcohol use during pregnancy and maternal depression consistently predicted multi-trajectory groups characterized by problematic levels of at least two co-occurrent psychological symptoms. Conclusions Identified combinations of developmental trajectories of psychological characteristics were associated with different magnitude in risk for exhibiting physical aggression. These results may highlight the heterogeneity of developmental trajectories associated with childhood aggression.

scholarly journals Polygenic Risks for Joint Developmental Trajectories of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: Findings from the ALSPAC Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Samuel Neaves ◽  
Hildigunnur Anna Hall ◽  
Gibran Hemani ◽  
MIchael Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

Background: Joint developmental trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems show considerable heterogeneity; however, this can be parsed into a small number of meaningful subgroups. Doing so offered insights into risk factors that lead to different patterns of internalizing/externalizing trajectories. However, despite both domains of problems showing strong heritability, no study has yet considered genetic risks as predictors of joint internalizing/externalizing problem trajectories. Methods: Using parallel process latent class growth analysis, we estimated joint developmental trajectories of internalizing and externalizing difficulties assessed across ages 4 to 16 using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate a range of demographic, perinatal, maternal mental health, and child and maternal polygenic predictors of group membership. Participants included 11049 children taking part in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Polygenic data was available for 7127 children and 6836 mothers.Results: Five distinct classes were identified: Unaffected, Moderate Externalizing Symptoms, High Externalizing Symptoms, Moderate Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and High Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms. Male sex, lower maternal age, maternal mental health problems, maternal smoking during pregnancy, higher child polygenic risk scores for ADHD as well as lower polygenic scores for IQ distinguished affected classes from the unaffected class.Conclusions: While affected classes could be relatively well separated from the unaffected class, phenotypic and polygenic predictors were limited in their ability to distinguish between different affected classes. Thus, results add to existing evidence that internalizing and externalizing problems have mostly shared risk factors.

scholarly journals 1280Natural history, developmental trajectories, and determinants of eczema from infancy to 26 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ziyab ◽  
Nandini Mukherjee ◽  
Hasan Arshad ◽  
Wilfried Karmaus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Semiparametric Mixture Models

Abstract Background Eczema is a common inflammatory skin disease with varying developmental trajectories/patterns. This study sought to investigate eczema development from infancy to early adulthood by identifying distinct developmental trajectories that describe disease patterns over time and evaluate the role of early life risk factors. Methods The Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n = 1456) was prospectively assessed at birth, 1, 2, 4, 10, 18, and 26 years. At each assessment, eczema was ascertained based on established clinical criteria. Developmental trajectories of eczema between 1-or-2 and 26 years were identified separately for males and females by applying semiparametric mixture models. Associations were assessed by applying a modified Poisson regression to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results In both males and females, the following eczema trajectories were identified: unaffected/transient (77.7% vs. 73.0%), mid-onset late-resolving (7.8% vs. 4.4%), late-onset (5.2% vs. 9.5%), and early-onset persistent (9.3% vs. 5.4%). In females, an additional trajectory was identified: early-onset early-resolving (7.7%). Among males, filaggrin gene (FLG) variants (aRR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.34-4.46) and paternal eczema (2.66, 1.39-5.08) were associated with the early-onset persistent trajectory. Among females, maternal eczema (2.84, 1.42-5.70) and high birthweight (2.25, 1.08-4.69) were associated with the early-onset persistent trajectory. Conclusions Four and five trajectories represented eczema development among males and females, respectively, with different predisposing risk factors. Key messages Males and females may experience a different course of eczema and also sex-specific risk factors.

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