HIV in Prison: After Prison: The Challenge of Tracking Behavior.

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Behavior

Manipulation of Predictive and Incentive Value Have Divergent Effects on Sign- and Goal-Tracking Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S292-S293
Author(s):  
Cristina Maria-Rios ◽  
Christopher Fitzpatrick ◽  
Jonathan D. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Incentive Value ◽  
Goal Tracking ◽  
Tracking Behavior

Stability of Chemically Degraded Friction Reducers and Their Relationship to Regain Conductivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Ayazi ◽  
Gabriel Monreal ◽  
Hassan Bleibel ◽  
Frank Zamora ◽  
Larry Watters
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Tracking Behavior ◽  
Polymer Dispersions

Abstract Previously, it was shown that zeta potential could be used as a metric to determine friction reducer (FR) performance. Specifically, the extent of and how quickly the FR reaches peak friction reduction in source water. A correlation postulated from the previous work is zeta potentials relationship to an FR's stability during mechanical or chemical degradation. In other words, can zeta potential be used as a metric to determine the extent of polymer breaking and can this relationship be translated to regained conductivity? This paper describes a laboratory study of zeta potential measurements to track breaker reaction rates, stability of broken polymer dispersions, and the relationship between chemical degradation of FRs and regained conductivity. The approach of this investigation involves measuring zeta potential of frac fluids formulated using anionic and cationic FRs with varying types and concentrations of breakers at different temperatures and times. These metrics are then correlated with regain conductivity. A quantitative relationship exists between zeta potential, fluid rheology, and regain conductivity. Zeta potential evaluation of degraded FR's in frac fluids correlate to performance in regain conductivity testing. These measurements can expedite the selection of chemical breakers with respect to performance. Zeta potential measurements of degraded FR are indicative of broken FR dispersion stability which has impact on regain conductivity. Tracking behavior of cationic FR's using zeta potential reveals the materials can become anionic with time and temperature and become susceptible to agglomeration with iron. Zeta potential measurements can be used during a chemical breaker selection process as a viable supplement to industry standard tests for assessing the comparative effectiveness of chemical breakers in frac fluids.

Optimal Design of Lightweight Machines Using Flexible Multibody System Dynamics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Seifried ◽  
Alexander Held
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Multibody Systems ◽  
Multibody System ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Flexible Multibody ◽  
Dynamical Simulations ◽  
Tracking Behavior ◽  
Robotic Applications

In many machine and robotic applications energy efficiency is an increasingly crucial issue. In order to achieve energy efficiency lightweight structural designs are necessary. However, undesired elastic deformations might occur due to the light wight design. In order to achieve good system performance the actual dynamic loads must be taken into account in the design of the system’s components. In this paper optimization approaches for lightweight machine designs are employed to improve the tracking behavior the systems. Thereby, fully dynamical simulations of flexible multibody systems are coupled with both shape or topology optimization for the elastic members of the multibody system. It is shown, that by these approaches the end-effector trajectory tracking error of light wight manipulators can be decreased significantly.

Tracking in Two Dimensions as a Function of Dimension Priorities and Tracking Difficulty

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gopher ◽  
David Navon ◽  
Nela Chillag
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Adaptive Procedures ◽  
Pursuit Tracking ◽  
Tracking Ability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Tracking Behavior

The present paper develops the argument that an effective evaluation of performance under time-sharing conditions requires a joint manipulation of tasks difficulty and operator's resources allocation. An experiment is presented in which each of the dimensions in a two dimensional pursuit tracking task was manipulated and controlled seperately. Single and dual task conditions were created by presenting one dimension or two dimensions simultaneously. Time-sharing efficiency was assessed under a joint manipulation of tracking difficulty on each dimension and their relative priorities. Subjects' tracking ability was individually calibrated by adaptive procedures. Regression equations and performance functions were obtained to describe the joint effects of the experimental variables. Results are discussed in terms of their implications to the problem of measuring capacity, and their contribution to the understanding of tracking behavior.

scholarly journals Sector search strategies for odor trail tracking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Reddy ◽  
Boris I. Shraiman ◽  
Massimo Vergassola
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Sequential Optimization ◽  
Odor Trail ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Behavioral Paradigm ◽  
Scent Trails ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
Tracking Behavior ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
Unified Description

Terrestrial animals such as ants, mice and dogs often use surface-bound scent trails to establish navigation routes or to find food and mates, yet their tracking strategies are poorly understood. Tracking behavior features zig-zagging paths with animals often staying in close contact with the trail. Upon sustained loss of contact, animals execute a characteristic sequence of sweeping “casts” – wide oscillations with increasing amplitude. Here, we provide a unified description of trail-tracking behavior by introducing an optimization framework where animals search in the angular sector defined by their estimate of the trail’s heading and its uncertainty.In silicoexperiments using reinforcement learning based on this hypothesis recapitulate experimentally observed tracking patterns. We show that search geometry imposes limits on the tracking speed, and quantify its dependence on trail statistics and memory of past contacts. By formulating trail-tracking as a Bellman-type sequential optimization problem, we quantify the basic geometric elements of optimal sector search strategy, effectively explaining why and when casting is necessary. We propose a set of experiments to infer how tracking animals acquire, integrate and respond to past information on the tracked trail. More generally, we define navigational strategies relevant for animals and bio-mimetic robots, and formulate trail-tracking as a novel behavioral paradigm for learning, memory and planning.

A Qualitative Look at Feedback Control Theory as a Style of Describing Behavior

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Jagacinski
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Tracking Behavior ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Feedback Control Theory ◽  
Ordinal Level ◽  
Over Time

The present paper reviews several ways feedback control theory has been used to describe tracking behavior and several qualitative experimental techniques. These techniques require only ordinal-level measurement and may aid any researcher investigating behavior whose temporal patterning is critical and which involves fairly continuous changes over time. One possible application in the area of stuttering behavior is presented in detail to show how these techniques can provide useful insights and hypotheses. Other suggested areas of application include the behavior of human social groups, motivational behavior, and emotional behavior.

Cellular Telephones and Social Interactions

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Steven E. Stern ◽  
Benjamin E. Grounds
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
General Public ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Cellular Telephone ◽  
Cellular Telephones ◽  
Tracking Behavior

Changes in technology often affect patterns of social interaction. In the current study, the authors examined how cellular telephones have made it possible for members of romantically involved couples to keep track of each other. The authors surveyed 69 undergraduates on their use of cellular telephones as well as their relationships and their level of sexual jealously. Results find that nearly a quarter of romantically involved cellular telephone users report tracking their significant other, and evidence shows that tracking behavior correlates with jealousy. Furthermore, participants frequently reported using countermeasures such as turning off their cellular telephones in order to avoid being tracked by others. In conclusion, newer communication technologies afford users to act upon protectiveness and jealousy more readily than before these technologies were available to the general public.

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