Giving a larger amount or a larger proportion: Stimulus format impacts children’s social evaluations.

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2212-2222
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Hurst ◽  
Alex Shaw ◽  
Nadia Chernyak ◽  
Susan C. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Format

scholarly journals False recognition across meaning, language, and stimulus format: Conceptual relatedness and the feeling of familiarity

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedra Fazendeiro ◽  
Piotr Winkielman ◽  
Chun Luo ◽  
Christopher Lorah
Keyword(s):  
False Recognition ◽  
Stimulus Format

scholarly journals “17” is odd and “seventeen” is even: Meaning and physical form in stimulus-parity synaesthesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 2005-2021
Author(s):  
Rebekah C White ◽  
Tsvetomira Dumbalska ◽  
Mihaela D Duta ◽  
Kate Nation
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Stimulus Format ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
Conceptual Nature

For individuals with stimulus-parity synaesthesia, eliciting stimuli (e.g., shapes, numbers, letters, colours) trigger a compelling feeling of oddness or evenness. Given that (a) many inducers are conceptual and (b) parity is itself a conceptual property, one questions whether stimulus-parity synaesthesia will be a categorically higher subtype, such that the conceptual properties of stimuli will be crucial in determining parity. We explore this question as it applies to Synaesthete R, one of only two stimulus-parity synaesthetes known to the contemporary literature. In Experiments 1 and 2, we examine whether parity is tied to concepts or percepts, asking, for example, whether a rectangle is even regardless of whether it is presented as an image or a word. Our results indicate that the parity of shapes (words and images), numbers (words, digits, and Roman numerals), and letters (lowercase and uppercase) differs according to the stimulus format, supporting a perceptual explanation. In Experiment 3, we examine the parity of colour stimuli, showing a systematic relationship between the measurable physical properties of hue, saturation, and lightness and synaesthetic parity. Despite the conceptual nature of inducers and concurrents, for Synaesthete R, stimulus-parity synaesthesia is a lower subtype; perceptual properties of stimuli determine parity.

Evaluations That Matter: Customer Preferences Using Industry-Based Evaluations and Eye-Gaze Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Seshadri ◽  
Youyi Bi ◽  
Jaykishan Bhatia ◽  
Ross Simons ◽  
Jeffrey Hartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Fixation Time ◽  
Customer Preferences ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Stimulus Format ◽  
2D And 3D

This study is the first stage of a research program aimed at understanding differences in how people process 2D and 3D automotive stimuli, using psychophysiological tools such as galvanic skin response (GSR), eye tracking, electroencephalography (EEG), and facial expressions coding, along with respondent ratings. The current study uses just one measure, eye tracking, and one stimulus format, 2D realistic renderings of vehicles, to reveal where people expect to find information about brand and other industry-relevant topics, such as sportiness. The eye-gaze data showed differences in the percentage of fixation time that people spent on different views of cars while evaluating the “Brand” and the degree to which they looked “Sporty/Conservative”, “Calm/Exciting”, and “Basic/Luxurious”. The results of this work can give designers insights on where they can invest their design efforts when considering brand and styling cues.

scholarly journals A robust electrophysiological marker of spontaneous numerical discrimination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Georges ◽  
Mathieu Guillaume ◽  
Christine Schiltz
Keyword(s):  
Math Fluency ◽  
Comparison Task ◽  
Math Ability ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Numerical Discrimination ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Number Comparison ◽  
Passive Viewing ◽  
Stimulus Format ◽  
Neural Marker

Humans have a Number Sense that enables them to represent and manipulate numerical quantities. Behavioral data suggest that the acuity of numerical discrimination is predictively associated with math ability – especially in children – but some authors argued that its assessment is problematic. In the present study, we used frequency-tagged electroencephalography to objectively measure spontaneous numerical discrimination during passive viewing of dot or picture arrays in healthy adults. During one-minute sequences, we introduced periodic numerosity changes and we progressively increased the magnitude of such changes every ten seconds. We found significant brain synchronization to the periodic numerosity changes from the 1.2 ratio over medial occipital regions, and amplitude strength increased with the numerical ratio. Brain responses were reliable across both stimulus formats. Interestingly, electrophysiological responses also mirrored performances on a number comparison task and seemed to be linked to math fluency. In sum, we present a neural marker of numerical acuity that is passively evaluated in short sequences, independent of stimulus format and that reflects behavioural performances on explicit number comparison tasks.

Effects of OFF-BF tones on responses of chopper units in ventral cochlear nucleus. I. Regularity and temporal adaptation patterns

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Blackburn ◽  
M. B. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Auditory Nerve Fiber ◽  
Inhibitory Input ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Tone Stimulus ◽  
Temporal Adaptation ◽  
Anteroventral Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Stimulus Format

1. We have recorded the responses of neurons in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats to pure tones [either at the unit's best frequency (BF) or at another frequency (OFF-BF)] and to two-tone combination stimuli. 2. The effects of OFF-BF input (either alone or presented simultaneously with a BF tone in a two-tone stimulus) on the response patterns of choppers may include not only rate inhibition but changes in the discharge regularity and the temporal adaptation properties of the spike trains. 3. In the majority of cases we studied (119 of 146 frequencies examined in 45 units), the discharge regularity of a response to an OFF-BF or two-tone stimulus is comparable with that of a ,rate-matched- BF tone response. In a minority of cases (27 of 146 frequencies examined), however, OFF-BF input (either alone or in a two-tone stimulus format) changed the regularity compared with that of a rate-matched BF tone response. 4. In the majority of cases studied (139 of 171 frequencies examined in 53 units), the initial pattern of rate adaptation [“temporal adaptation pattern” (TAP)] was the same in response to a short tone burst at BF, to an OFF-BF tone burst, or to a pair of tones. The TAP can, however, be significantly altered by OFF-BF input, although this is a comparatively infrequent occurrence in our data sample (32 of 171 frequencies examined), from the response to BF tone to the response to the two-tone or OFF-BF stimulus, are as follows: sustained to slowly adapting; slowly adapting to transiently adapting, and transiently adapting to slowly adapting. Changes in the TAPs of chopper unit responses have been recorded from both regular and irregular choppers and cannot be accounted for on the basis of changes in sustained firing rate. These changes in the discharge regularity and TAP in the small minority of cases suggest that (at least in these cases) the inhibitory effect of OFF-BF input is not simply the result of two-tone suppression at the level of the auditory nerve fiber input. 5. We have observed that regular choppers may be transformed into irregular choppers by OFF-BF (rate inhibitory) input.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Implicit Memory in Aging: Normal Transfer Across Semantic Decisions and Stimulus Format

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele M. Lazzara ◽  
Andrew P. Yonelinas ◽  
Beth A. Ober
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Stimulus Format
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