Eye movement control in Chinese reading: A cross-sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 2275-2285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yan ◽  
Jinger Pan ◽  
Reinhold Kliegl
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Reading ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Movement Control

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic and Maternal Psychological Wellbeing During the Malaysian Movement Control Order: A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Kalok ◽  
Syarifah Aminah Syed Anwar Aly ◽  
Rahana Abdul Rahman ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽  
Shalisah Sharip
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Expectant Mothers ◽  
Control Order ◽  
Maternal Wellbeing

Background: COVID-19 pandemic had resulted in nationwide lockdown as a disease control measure. Potential harm to self and baby due to COVID-19 infection as well as uncertainties about delivery are among contributors to maternal anxiety. We aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress among pregnant women during the Malaysian Movement Control Order (MCO).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2020 in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A self-administered electronic questionnaire was distributed which included the following; (1) Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS 21), (2) Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), (3) MCO effect questionnaire, and (4) newly designed COVID-19 pregnancy-related anxiety. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to determine significant associations whilst mean scores comparison were conducted through Mann-Whitney-U-test.Results: Four hundred and fifteen women were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of psychological distress among our cohort was 14.7%; with a two-fold increase of risk among the non-Malays (AOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.00–3.89) whilst a greater number of social support showed a protective effect (AOR 0.51, 95%CI 0.28–0.92). Malay ethnicity (p < 0.001) alongside greater household income (p = 0.014) were positive predictors of a higher sense of maternal wellbeing. Multiparous women and those of higher economic status experienced the more negative effect of the MCO. Around 88% of our women reported a higher level of COVID-19 pregnancy-related anxiety. Younger (p = 0.017) and first-time mothers (p = 0.039) were more likely to be anxious. Although adequate maternal knowledge on COVID-19 was associated with a greater sense of maternal wellbeing (p = 0.028), it was also linked to a higher level of COVID-19 related anxiety (AOR 3.54, 95% 1.29–9.70).Conclusion: There was a relatively low prevalence of psychological distress among expectant mothers in Malaysia during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Expectant mothers should receive accurate and reliable information on the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy to relieve some maternal anxiety. Maternal health screening is important to identify individuals who would benefit from extra support and mental health intervention, especially in prolonged lockdown.

scholarly journals Eye-Movement Evidence for Object-Based Attention in Chinese Reading

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Liu ◽  
Erik D. Reichle
Keyword(s):  
Target Word ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Chinese Reading ◽  
Eye Movement Control ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Word Frequencies

Is attention allocated to only one word or to multiple words at any given time during reading? The experiments reported here addressed this question using a novel paradigm inspired by classic findings on object-based attention. In Experiment 1, participants ( N = 18) made lexical decisions about one of two spatially colocated Chinese words or nonwords. Our main finding was that only the attended word’s frequency influenced response times and accuracy. In Experiment 2, participants ( N = 30) read target words embedded in two spatially colocated Chinese sentences. Our key finding here was that only target-word frequencies influenced looking times and fixation positions. These results support the hypothesis that words are attended in a strictly serial (and perhaps object-based) manner during reading. The theoretical implications of this conclusion are discussed in relation to models of eye-movement control during reading and the conceptualization of words as visual objects.

scholarly journals Effect of the Movement Control Order on the Incidence of Complicated Appendicitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Hamzah Sukiman ◽  
◽  
Abdul Malek Mohamad ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Nasution Raduan ◽  
Mohd Nur Afiq Mohd Yasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Length ◽  
Control Order

Background: Appendicitis is common and delayed presentation results in complicated appendicitis with increased morbidity. This study investigates the effect of the Movement Control Order (MCO) during the COVID-19 pandemic on the presentation and severity of appendicitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 193 patients diagnosed with appendicitis was conducted at four hospitals in Pahang, Malaysia. Those who presented between 1 February 2020 and 17 March 2020 were included in the pre-MCO group and those between 18 March 2020 and 30 April 2020 in the MCO group. The definitions of simple and complicated appendicitis were based on the Sunshine Appendicitis Grading Score. The primary outcome was the incidence of complicated appendicitis, and the secondary outcomes were length of stay, a composite of surgical morbidities and a composite of organ failure. Results: A total of 105 patients in the pre-MCO group and 88 in the MCO group were analysed. The incidence of complicated appendicitis was 33% and it was higher in the MCO than in the pre-MCO group (44% versus 23%, P = 0.002). The MCO period was independently associated with complicated appendicitis in the logistic regression (P = 0.001). It was also associated with prolonged length of stay (3.5 days versus 2.4 days, P < 0.001) and higher overall surgical morbidity (19% versus 5%, P = 0.002). Conclusion: The MCO imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a higher incidence of complicated appendicitis and surgical morbidity.

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