scholarly journals Further evidence of a left hemisphere specialization and genetic basis for tool use skill in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Reproducibility in two genetically isolated populations of apes.

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hopkins ◽  
Mary Catherine Mareno ◽  
Steven J. Schapiro
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

scholarly journals Genetic basis in motor skill and hand preference for tool use in chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes )

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1800) ◽  
pp. 20141223 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hopkins ◽  
Lisa Reamer ◽  
Mary Catherine Mareno ◽  
Steven J. Schapiro
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Significant Heritability ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Chimpanzees are well known for their tool using abilities. Numerous studies have documented variability in tool use among chimpanzees and the role that social learning and other factors play in their development. There are also findings on hand use in both captive and wild chimpanzees; however, less understood are the potential roles of genetic and non-genetic mechanisms in determining individual differences in tool use skill and laterality. Here, we examined heritability in tool use skill and handedness for a probing task in a sample of 243 captive chimpanzees. Quantitative genetic analysis, based on the extant pedigrees, showed that overall both tool use skill and handedness were significantly heritable. Significant heritability in motor skill was evident in two genetically distinct populations of apes, and between two cohorts that received different early social rearing experiences. We further found that motor skill decreased with age and that males were more commonly left-handed than females. Collectively, these data suggest that though non-genetic factors do influence tool use performance and handedness in chimpanzees, genetic factors also play a significant role, as has been reported in humans.

Grip morphology and hand use in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Evidence of a left hemisphere specialization in motor skill.

2002 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hopkins ◽  
Claudio Cantalupo ◽  
Michael J. Wesley ◽  
Autumn B. Hostetter ◽  
Dawn L. Pilcher
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Left hemisphere specialization for the control of voluntary movement rate

NeuroImage ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Agnew ◽  
Thomas A Zeffiro ◽  
Guinevere F Eden
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Movement Rate ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Hemispheric priming by meaningful and nonmeaningful symbols in language-trained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Further evidence of a left hemisphere advantage.

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hopkins ◽  
Robin D. Morris ◽  
E. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh ◽  
Duane M. Rumbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Pan Troglodytes

scholarly journals Sex Bias and Social Influences on Savanna Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Nest Building Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona A. Stewart ◽  
Jill D. Pruetz
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Verus ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Extractive Foraging ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Adult Females

AbstractMany primates show sex differences in behavior, particularly social behavior, but also tool use for extractive foraging. All great apes learn to build a supportive structure for sleep. Whether sex differences exist in building, as in extractive foraging, is unknown, and little is known about how building skills develop and vary between individuals in the wild. We therefore aimed to describe the nesting behavior of savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Fongoli, Senegal to provide comparative data and to investigate possible sex or age differences in nest building behaviors and nest characteristics. We followed chimpanzee groups to their night nesting sites to record group (55 nights) and individual level data (17 individuals) on nest building initiation and duration (57 nests) during the dry season between October 2007 and March 2008. We returned the following morning to record nest and tree characteristics (71 nests built by 25 individuals). Fongoli chimpanzees nested later than reported for other great apes, but no sex differences in initiating building emerged. Observations were limited but suggest adult females and immature males to nest higher, in larger trees than adult males, and adult females to take longer to build than either adult or immature males. Smaller females and immature males may avoid predation or access thinner, malleable branches, by nesting higher than adult males. These differences suggest that sex differences described for chimpanzee tool use may extend to nest building, with females investing more time and effort in constructing a safe, warm structure for sleep than males do.

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