scholarly journals Effects of craving on opioid use are attenuated after pain coping counseling in adults with chronic pain and prescription opioid addiction.

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 918-926
Author(s):  
Bryan G. Messina ◽  
Matthew J. Worley
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Pain Coping ◽  
Opioid Use

scholarly journals Longitudinal association between pain severity and subsequent opioid use in prescription opioid dependent patients with chronic pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Griffin ◽  
Katherine A. McDermott ◽  
R. Kathryn McHugh ◽  
Garrett M. Fitzmaurice ◽  
Robert N. Jamison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Problematic Prescription Opioid Use in a Chronic Pain Treatment Facility: The Role of Emotional Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. S. Oberleitner ◽  
Mark A. Lumley ◽  
Emily R. Grekin ◽  
Kathryn M. Z. Smith ◽  
Amy M. Loree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Pain volatility and prescription opioid addiction treatment outcomes in patients with chronic pain.

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Worley ◽  
Keith G. Heinzerling ◽  
Steven Shoptaw ◽  
Walter Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Prescription Opioid

scholarly journals Inequities in access to primary care among opioid recipients in Ontario, Canada: A population-based cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. e1003631
Author(s):  
Tara Gomes ◽  
Tonya J. Campbell ◽  
Diana Martins ◽  
J. Michael Paterson ◽  
Laura Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Access To Primary Care

Background Stigma and high-care needs can present barriers to the provision of high-quality primary care for people with opioid use disorder (OUD) and those prescribed opioids for chronic pain. We explored the likelihood of securing a new primary care provider (PCP) among people with varying histories of opioid use who had recently lost access to their PCP. Methods and findings We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data among residents of Ontario, Canada whose enrolment with a physician practicing in a primary care enrolment model (PEM) was terminated between January 2016 and December 2017. We assigned individuals to 3 groups based upon their opioid use on the date enrolment ended: long-term opioid pain therapy (OPT), opioid agonist therapy (OAT), or no opioid. We fit multivariable models assessing the primary outcome of primary care reattachment within 1 year, adjusting for demographic characteristics, clinical comorbidities, and health services utilization. Secondary outcomes included rates of emergency department (ED) visits and opioid toxicity events. Among 154,970 Ontarians who lost their PCP, 1,727 (1.1%) were OAT recipients, 3,644 (2.4%) were receiving long-term OPT, and 149,599 (96.5%) had no recent prescription opioid exposure. In general, OAT recipients were younger (median age 36) than those receiving long-term OPT (59 years) and those with no recent prescription opioid exposure (44 years). In all exposure groups, the majority of individuals had their enrolment terminated by their physician (range 78.1% to 88.8%). In the primary analysis, as compared to those not receiving opioids, OAT recipients were significantly less likely to find a PCP within 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50 to 0.61, p < 0.0001). We observed no significant difference between long-term OPT and opioid unexposed individuals (aHR 0.96; 95% CI 0.92 to 1.01, p = 0.12). In our secondary analysis comparing the period of PCP loss to the year prior, we found that rates of ED visits were elevated among people not receiving opioids (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 1.20, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.22, p < 0.0001) and people receiving long-term OPT (aRR 1.37, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.48, p < 0.0001). We found no such increase among OAT recipients, and no significant increase in opioid toxicity events in the period following provider loss for any exposure group. The main limitation of our findings relates to their generalizability outside of PEMs and in jurisdictions with different financial incentives incorporated into primary care provision. Conclusions In this study, we observed gaps in access to primary care among people who receive prescription opioids, particularly among OAT recipients. Ongoing efforts are needed to address the stigma, discrimination, and financial disincentives that may introduce barriers to the healthcare system, and to facilitate access to high-quality, consistent primary care services for chronic pain patients and those with OUD.

scholarly journals Social Media as an Emerging Tool for Reducing Prescription Opioid Misuse Risk Factors (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Young ◽  
Sung-Jae Lee ◽  
Hendry Perez ◽  
Navkiran Gill ◽  
Lillian Gelberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Opioid Misuse ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
Prescription Opioid Misuse

BACKGROUND Interventions are urgently needed to reduce prescription opioid misuse risk factors, including anxiety and concomitant use of sedatives. However, only 5 randomized controlled opioid intervention trials have been conducted, with none showing improvements in anxiety. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the feasibility of using an online behavior change community, compared to a control Facebook group, to reduce anxiety and opioid misuse among chronic pain patients. METHODS 51 high-risk non-cancer chronic pain patients were randomly assigned to either a Harnessing Online Peer Education (HOPE) peer-led online behavior change intervention or a control group (no peer leaders) on Facebook for 12 weeks. Inclusion criteria were: 18 years or older, a UCLA Health System patient, prescribed an opioid for non-cancer chronic pain between 3 and 12 months ago, and a score of ≥ 9 on the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM) and/or concomitant use of benzodiazepines. Participation in the online community was voluntary. Patients completed baseline and follow-up assessments on Generalized Anxiety Disorder screener (GAD-7), COMM, and frequency of social media discussions about pain and opioid use. RESULTS Compared to control group participants, intervention participants showed a baseline-to-follow-up decrease in anxiety, and more frequently used social media to discuss pain, prescription opioid use, coping strategies, places to seek help, and alternative therapies for pain. Both groups showed a baseline to follow-up decrease in COMM score. CONCLUSIONS Results support the feasibility of using an online community interventions as a low-cost tool to decrease risk for prescription opioid misuse and its complications. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02735785

Integrative Approach to Opiates, Opioids, and Opiate Use Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ling ◽  
Matthew Torrington
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Civil War Era ◽  
Opiate Use Disorder

This chapter defines terms such as “opiate” and “opioid” and explains their physiological functions as agonist, antagonist, and partial agonist. It notes the long history of medicinal opioid use for acute pain, as well as the curse of addiction with chronic use, highlighting the three opioid use epidemics in the United States: the morphine addiction of the Civil War era, the heroin addiction of the Vietnam War era, and the current epidemic of prescription opioid addiction. The chapter describes the commonly encountered natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic opioids, noting their therapeutic use, potential for abuse, and their use in management of opioid use disorders. Of particular interest are the sections on detoxification and relapse prevention using methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. The sections also explain the rationale for their use against the epidemiological background and recent exploration of genetic influences. The chapter also emphasizes the need for an integrated strategy in overcoming opioid addiction.

Psychosocial interventions for chronic pain and comorbid prescription opioid use disorders: A narrative review of the literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Hruschak, MSW ◽  
Gerald Cochran, PhD ◽  
Ajay D. Wasan, MD, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivational Enhancement Therapy ◽  
Opioid Misuse ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chronic Noncancer Pain ◽  
Opioid Use Disorders

Objective: Opioid misuse in the context of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) is a multifaceted and complex issue. As opioid misuse and corresponding rates of addiction and overdose deaths exceed epidemic proportions, there is an urgent need for research in this area. The objective of this review is to evaluate the literature addressing psychosocial interventions targeting CNCP and prescription opioid misuse.Design: A systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, ClinicalTrials. gov was conducted to identify studies evaluating psychosocial interventions targeting CNCP and prescription opioid misuse. The review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Results: 56 peer-reviewed research articles from 1993 to July, 2016, which included studies of psychosocial interventions for CNCP and opioid use disorders. Studies that examined psychosocial interventions for CNCP, treatment modalities included: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction, and chronic pain self-management programs. The psychosocial interventions for opioid misuse included: CBT and relapse prevention, motivational enhancement therapy and stages of change, contingency management, and self-help and peer support-based groups.Conclusions: The findings of this review offer clinical insight and reinforce the importance of psychosocial interventions in CNCP and opioid use disorders. However, little empirical data are available to guide practitioners in treating patients with CNCP who misuse opioid medications, and thus future research on integrated approaches, is needed.

scholarly journals Associations Between Prescription Opioid Use and Sleep Impairment among Veterans with Chronic Pain

Pain Medicine ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1902-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Morasco ◽  
Daniel O'Hearn ◽  
Dennis C. Turk ◽  
Steven K. Dobscha
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Sleep Impairment ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

Prevalence of Prescription Opioid-Use Disorder Among Chronic Pain Patients: Comparison of the DSM-5 vs. DSM-4 Diagnostic Criteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Boscarino ◽  
Margaret R. Rukstalis ◽  
Stuart N. Hoffman ◽  
John J. Han ◽  
Porat M. Erlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
Pain Patients
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