Social buffering of plasma corticosterone and amygdala responses of young rats following exposure to periorbital shock: Implications for eyeblink conditioning development.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana I. Claflin ◽  
Darci M. Gallimore ◽  
Adam Koraym ◽  
Allison Costello ◽  
Michael B. Hennessy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Social Buffering ◽  
Young Rats

scholarly journals Persistent firing in LEC III neurons is differentially modulated by learning and aging

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Lin ◽  
Venus N Sherathiya ◽  
M Matthew Oh ◽  
John F Disterhoft
Keyword(s):  
Associative Learning ◽  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Learning Impairments ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Persistent Firing ◽  
Trace Eyeblink Conditioning

Whether and how persistent firing in lateral entorhinal cortex layer III (LEC III) supports temporal associative learning is still unknown. In this study, persistent firing was evoked in vitro from LEC III neurons from young and aged rats that were behaviorally naive or trained on trace eyeblink conditioning. Persistent firing ability from neurons from behaviorally naive aged rats was lower compared to neurons from young rats. Neurons from learning impaired aged animals also exhibited reduced persistent firing capacity, which may contribute to aging-related learning impairments. Successful acquisition of the trace eyeblink task, however, increased persistent firing ability in both young and aged rats. These changes in persistent firing ability are due to changes to the afterdepolarization, which may in turn be modulated by the postburst afterhyperpolarization. Together, these data indicate that successful learning increases persistent firing ability and decreases in persistent firing ability contribute to learning impairments in aging.

Concurrent Electrodermal and Eyeblink Conditioning With Masked and Unmasked Stimuli

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
José Luis Marcos ◽  
Azahara Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Noise Burst ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Contingency Awareness ◽  
Blank Screen ◽  
Neutral Face ◽  
Fearful Face

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine if contingency awareness between the conditioned (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) is necessary for concurrent electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning to masked stimuli. An angry woman’s face (CS+) and a fearful face (CS−) were presented for 23 milliseconds (ms) and followed by a neutral face as a mask. A 98 dB noise burst (US) was administered 477 ms after CS+ offset to elicit both electrodermal and eyeblink responses. For the unmasking conditioning a 176 ms blank screen was inserted between the CS and the mask. Contingency awareness was assessed using trial-by-trial ratings of US-expectancy in a post-conditioning phase. The results showed acquisition of differential electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning in aware, but not in unaware participants. Acquisition of differential eyeblink conditioning required more trials than electrodermal conditioning. These results provided strong evidence of the causal role of contingency awareness on differential eyeblink and electrodermal conditioning.

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