scholarly journals Spatial judgment in Parkinson’s disease: Contributions of attentional and executive dysfunction.

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-360
Author(s):  
Robert D. Salazar ◽  
Kathryn L. M. Moon ◽  
Sandy Neargarder ◽  
Alice Cronin-Golomb
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Spatial Judgment

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Behavioral Profile of the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Dinesh Saini ◽  
Adreesh Mukherjee ◽  
Arijit Roy ◽  
Atanu Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
Subcortical Dementia ◽  
Behavioral Profile ◽  
Cortical Dementia

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Executive dysfunction is the common thread between pure cortical dementia like the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and subcortical dementia like Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). Although there are clinical and cognitive features to differentiate cortical and subcortical dementia, the behavioral symptoms differentiating these 2 conditions are still not well known. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate the behavioral profile of bvFTD and PDD and compare them to find out which behavioral symptoms can differentiate between the two. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty consecutive patients with bvFTD (&#x3e;1 year after diagnosis) and 20 PDD patients were recruited according to standard diagnostic criteria. Behavioral symptoms were collected from the reliable caregiver by means of a set of questionnaires and then compared between the 2 groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> bvFTD patients had more severe disease and more behavioral symptoms than PDD. bvFTD patients were different from PDD patients due to their significantly greater: loss of basic emotion (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 44.33), loss of awareness of pain (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, OR 44.33), disinhibition (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, OR 35.29), utilization phenomenon (<i>p</i> = 0.008, OR 22.78), loss of taste discrimination (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, OR 17), neglect of hygiene (<i>p</i> = 0.001, OR 13.22), loss of embarrassment (<i>p</i> = 0.003, OR 10.52), wandering (<i>p</i> = 0.004, OR 9.33), pacing (<i>p</i> = 0.014, OR 9), selfishness (<i>p</i> = 0.014, OR 9), increased smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.014, OR 9), increased alcohol consumption (<i>p</i> = 0.031, OR 7.36), social avoidance (<i>p</i> = 0.012, OR 6.93), mutism (<i>p</i> = 0.041, OR 5.67), and failure to recognize objects (<i>p</i> = 0.027, OR 4.33). The bvFTD patients were also significantly less suspicious (<i>p</i> = 0.001, OR 0.0295), less inclined to have a false belief that people were in their home (<i>p</i> = 0.014, OR 0.11) and had fewer visual illusions/hallucinations (<i>p</i> = 0.004, OR 0.107) than PDD patients. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Behavioral symptoms are helpful to distinguish bvFTD from PDD, and thus also cortical dementia with frontal-lobe dysfunction from subcortical dementia.

scholarly journals Executive functioning and serum lipid fractions in Parkinson’s disease—a possible sex-effect: the PACOS study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Luca ◽  
Roberto Monastero ◽  
Calogero Edoardo Cicero ◽  
Roberta Baschi ◽  
Giulia Donzuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Fractions

AbstractThe association between dyslipidemia and cognitive performance in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients still needs to be clarified. Aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of possible associations between serum lipids fractions and executive dysfunction also exploring the sex-specific contribute of lipids level on cognition. Patients from the PACOS cohort, who underwent a complete serum lipid profile measures (total cholesterol-TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL and triglycerides-TG) were selected. Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program were used to classify normal/abnormal lipid fractions. Executive functioning was assessed with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Logistic regression was performed to assess associations between lipids fractions and FAB score. Correlations between lipids fractions and FAB score were explored. Sex-stratified analysis was performed. Three hundred and forty-eight PD patients (148 women; age 66.5 ± 9.5 years; disease duration 3.9 ± 4.9 years) were enrolled. Women presented significantly higher TC, LDL and HDL than men. In the whole sample, any association between lipid profile measures and FAB score was found. Among women, a positive association between hypertriglyceridemia and FAB score under cutoff was found (OR 3.4; 95%CI 1.29–9.03; p value 0.013). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the FAB score and triglyceride serum levels (r = − 0.226; p value 0.005). Differently, among men, a statistically significant negative association between hypercholesterolemia and FAB score under cutoff (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.17–0.84; p value 0.018) and between high LDL levels and FAB score under cutoff (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.18–0.90; p value 0.027) were found. Our data suggest a sex-specific different role of lipids in executive functioning.

Step length predicts executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: a 3-year prospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 265 (10) ◽  
pp. 2211-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Amboni ◽  
Luigi Iuppariello ◽  
Alessandro Iavarone ◽  
Alfonso Fasano ◽  
Raffaele Palladino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Step Length

Executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: A review

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Dirnberger ◽  
Marjan Jahanshahi
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Dysfunction

A Précis of Recent Advances in the Neuropsychology of Mild Cognitive Impairment(s) in Parkinson's Disease and a Proposal of Preliminary Research Criteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Tröster
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Research Criteria

AbstractCognitive changes of Parkinson's disease (PD) manifest earlier and are more heterogeneous than previously appreciated. Approximately one-third of patients have at least mild cognitive changes at PD diagnosis, and subtle changes might be appreciable among those at risk for PD. Executive dysfunction is the most common cognitive change, but other phenotypes exist. Pathobiologic and potential prognostic differences among cognitive phenotypes remain poorly understood. Progress in the neuropsychology, epidemiology and pathobiology of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in PD is hampered by lack of diagnostic criteria. This study proposes preliminary research criteria for two categories of PD non-dementia cognitive impairment. (JINS, 2011,17, 393–406)

scholarly journals Levodopa-Resistant Freezing of Gait and Executive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.U. Ferraye ◽  
C. Ardouin ◽  
E. Lhommée ◽  
V. Fraix ◽  
P. Krack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Executive Dysfunction

scholarly journals An Examination of Executive Dysfunction Associated with Frontostriatal Circuitry in Parkinson's Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1127-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Zgaljardic ◽  
Joan C. Borod ◽  
Nancy S. Foldi ◽  
Paul J. Mattis ◽  
Mark F. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Dysfunction

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Psychosis in Parkinson’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Matthew J Barrett ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Common Manifestation ◽  
Gba Mutations

Psychosis is a characteristic neuropsychiatric symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that is common and associated with worse outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review identified risk factors for visual hallucinations in PD, the most common manifestation of psychosis. With the possible exception of dopamine agonists, antiparkinsonian medications are only considered modifiers of psychosis in PD. Dementia in PD has consistently been shown to be associated with psychosis, and executive dysfunction and impairment in visual processing appear to play a role in its pathogenesis. The association of psychosis with disorders of sleep–wake dysregulation and autonomic dysfunction supports the involvement of brainstem dysfunction in PD psychosis. Despite many studies evaluating genetic risk factors for hallucinations, GBA mutations are the only variants consistently reported to be associated with an increased risk of hallucinations in PD. Lastly, psychosis in PD is associated with a more severe disease burden, both related and unrelated to PD pathology. Any explanatory model of psychosis in PD must incorporate pharmacological, neuroanatomic, pathological, and genetic factors before there can be a complete understanding of this common and disabling neuropsychiatric symptom.

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