scholarly journals Early amygdala or hippocampus damage influences adolescent female social behavior during group formation.

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda Moadab ◽  
Eliza Bliss-Moreau ◽  
Melissa D. Bauman ◽  
David G. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Adolescent Female

SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND GROUP FORMATION IN THE COYPU (MYOCASTOR COYPUS) IN THE ARGENTINEAN PAMPAS

2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Laura Guichón ◽  
Mariela Borgnia ◽  
Carina Fernández Righi ◽  
Guillermo H. Cassini ◽  
Marcelo H. Cassini
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Myocastor Coypus

scholarly journals Environmental decomposition of cuticular hydrocarbons generates a volatile pheromone that guides insect social behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Hatano ◽  
Ayako Wada-Katsumata ◽  
Coby Schal
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
American Cockroach ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Time Courses

AbstractOnce emitted, semiochemicals are exposed to reactive environmental factors that may alter them, thus disrupting chemical communication. Some species, however, might have adapted to detect environmentally mediated breakdown products of their natural chemicals as semiochemicals. We demonstrate that air, water vapor, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation break down unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of Periplaneta americana (American cockroach), resulting in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In behavioral assays, nymphs strongly avoided aggregating in shelters exposed to the breakdown VOCs from cuticular alkenes. The three treatments (air, water vapor, UV) produced the same VOCs, but at different time-courses and ratios. Fourteen VOCs from UV-exposed CHCs elicited electrophysiological responses in nymph antennae; 10 were identified as 1-pentanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, tetradecanal, acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid and hexanoic acid. When short-chain fatty acids were tested as a mix and a blend of the alcohols and aldehyde was tested as a second mix, nymphs exhibited no preference for control or treated shelters. However, nymphs avoided shelters that were exposed to VOCs from the complete 10-compound mix. Conditioned shelters (occupied by cockroaches with feces and CHCs deposited on the shelters), which are normally highly attractive to nymphs, were also avoided after UV-exposure, confirming that breakdown products from deposited metabolites, including CHCs, mediate this behavior. Our results demonstrate that common environmental and anthropogenic agents degrade CHCs into volatile semiochemicals that may serve as necromones or epideictic pheromones, mediating group formation and dissolution.Significance StatementCuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) cover the outer surface of insects, where they prevent water loss and serve as sex pheromones and in nest-mate recognition in social insects. Although CHCs are not volatile, they can be broken into volatile fragments by reacting with environmental agents. We demonstrate that volatile breakdown products of CHCs affect the social behavior of the American cockroach. A synthetic mix of volatiles dispersed cockroaches away from shelters, signaling an unsuitable shelter. These results highlight that some insect species have evolved communication strategies that exploit environmental and anthropogenic agents to produce bioactive compounds that mediate ecological interactions.

Performance correlates of social behavior and organization: Effects of group formation on operant performance in rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta)

Primates ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford N. Bunnell ◽  
Daniel P. Kenshalo ◽  
Paul Czerny ◽  
Joseph D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Operant Performance

Sulfhydryl bond formation is a prerequisite for proper cycling of centrosomes and chromosomes in mammalian tissue culture cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
Heide Schatten ◽  
Neidhard Paweletz ◽  
Ron Balczon
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Sulfhydryl Group ◽  
Mammalian Tissue ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Microtubule Network ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Tissue Culture Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron

To study the role of sulfhydryl group formation during cell cycle progression, mammalian tissue culture cells (PTK2) were exposed to 100¼M 2-mercaptoethanol for 2 to 6 h during their exponential phase of growth. The effects of 2-mercaptoethanol on centrosomes, chromosomes, microtubules, membranes and intermediate filaments were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) methods using a human autoimmune antibody directed against centrosomes (SPJ), and a mouse monoclonal antibody directed against tubulin (E7). Chromosomes were affected most by this treatment: premature chromosome condensation was detected in interphase nuclei, and the structure in mitotic chromosomes was altered compared to control cells. This would support previous findings in dividing sea urchin cells in which chromosomes are arrested at metaphase while the centrosome splitting cycle continues. It might also support findings that certairt-sulfhydryl-blocking agents block cyclin destruction. The organization of the microtubule network was scattered probably due to a looser organization of centrosomal material at the interphase centers and at the mitotic poles.

A Case Study: Unique Challenges of an Adolescent Female With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Kimberly F. Frazier ◽  
Jessica Collier ◽  
Rachel Glade
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Social Thinking

Background The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of combining self-management strategies and a social thinking approach to address the social performance and executive function of an adolescent female with autism spectrum disorder. Method This research examined the effects of a social knowledge training program, “Think Social,” as well as strategies to improve higher order cognitive abilities. Results and Conclusion Although quantitative improvement was not found, several qualitative gains in behavior were noted for the participants of this study, suggesting a benefit from using structured environmental cues of self-management strategies, as well as improved social understanding through social cognitive training.

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