Dynamic team composition: A theoretical framework exploring potential and kinetic dynamism in team capabilities.

Attitudes Toward Risk and Effort Tradeoffs in Human-Robot Heterogeneous Team Operations

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1541931218621252 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1098-1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. S. Perelman ◽

A. W. Evans ◽

K. E. Schaefer ◽

S. G. Hill

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Framework ◽

Risk Attitudes ◽

Risk Averse ◽

Team Composition ◽

Human Agent ◽

Teleoperated Robots

Current operational human-agent teaming paradigms place the full burden of danger on non-human agents. Shifting this burden entirely to the robot is currently possible due to the nature of the limited situations in which teleoperated robots are currently employed in military contexts. However, as the roles of non-human agents grow, robots are expected to function as teammates rather than tools. Here, we present a theoretical framework and metric for quantifying commanders’ attitudes toward risk and effort for humans and robots under their command. Twenty-one participants tasked a Soldier, a robot, and a heterogeneous team to rescue civilians in dangerous environments. Participants were risk averse when tasking each agent individually, but exhibited a risk averse attitude for the Soldier and an effort averse attitude for the robot when tasking the team. These findings show that risk attitudes can change as a function of team composition. The framework developed herein has utility for studying tradeoff attitudes across a wide breadth of contexts.

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Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x1900311x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Myrthe Faber

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Mental Content ◽

Mind Wandering ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

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Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000244 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 224 (2) ◽

pp. 102-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carsten M. Klingner ◽

Stefan Brodoehl ◽

Gerd F. Volk ◽

Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽

Otto W. Witte

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Neural Plasticity ◽

Cortical Plasticity ◽

Brain Plasticity ◽

Motor Nerve ◽

Predictive Coding ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Cortical Reorganization ◽

Nerve Lesion ◽

Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

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