scholarly journals A dual-process theory perspective to better understand judgments in assessment centers: The role of initial impressions for dimension ratings and validity.

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1367-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia V. Ingold ◽  
Mirjam Dönni ◽  
Filip Lievens
Keyword(s):  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Assessment Centers ◽  
Initial Impressions

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial passion, orientation and behavior: the moderating role of linear and nonlinear thinking styles

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamberto Zollo ◽  
Riccardo Rialti ◽  
Alberto Tron ◽  
Cristiano Ciappei
Keyword(s):  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to unpack the underlying mechanisms of entrepreneurs' passion, orientation and behavior by investigating the role of rational and nonrational cognitive elements. Building on dual process theory and sociointuitionism, a conceptual model is proposed in order to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and strategic entrepreneurship behavior (SEB). Specifically, entrepreneurs' linear thinking styles (System 2) and nonlinear thinking styles (System 1) are hypothesized as being significant moderators of such a relationship.Design/methodology/approachCovariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) is used to empirically validate the proposed conceptual model and test the moderating hypotheses on a sample of 300 entrepreneurs actively involved in European small and medium enterprises (SMEs).FindingsEntrepreneurial passion is shown to be a significant antecedent of EO, which, in turn, strongly influences SEB. Moreover, entrepreneurs' linear thinking style positively moderates the EO-SEB relationship, but not the link between passion and EO. Instead, a nonlinear thinking style positively moderates the relationship between passion and EO, but not the links between EO and SEB.Practical implicationsEntrepreneurs should trust their nonlinear thinking style – related to affective/emotive and intuitive information processing systems – to foster the effect of their entrepreneurial passion on EO. Furthermore, entrepreneurs should rely on a linear thinking style, namely the rational and deliberative cognitive processes, to enhance the impact of their EO on SEB.Originality/valueDual process theory and sociointuitionism are integrated to simultaneously investigate the effect of nonrational and rational cognitive mechanisms on entrepreneurs' orientation and behavior. Moreover, the proposed model is empirically tested on a sample of entrepreneurs working in SMEs located in Europe, which have received little attention from entrepreneurship scholars in comparison to their US counterparts. The authors’ findings suggest important implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers and entrepreneurial universities educators.

scholarly journals About Linda Again: How Narratives and Group Reasoning Can Influence Conjunction Fallacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Camillo Donati ◽  
Andrea Guazzini ◽  
Giorgio Gronchi ◽  
Andrea Smorti
Keyword(s):  
Conjunction Fallacy ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
Normative Criterion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Deliberative Processes ◽  
Modes Of Thought

Conjunction fallacy (together with other systematic reasoning errors) is usually explained in terms of the dual process theory of reasoning: Biases should be ascribed to fast and automatic processes, whereas slow and deliberative processes are responsible of producing answers that are correct with respect of normative criterion. The dual process theory is related to Bruner’s distinction between narrative and paradigmatic thought: Both modes of thought can be characterized by the two different processes of reasoning. In this paper, we explore the role of Bruner’s mode of thought manipulating also the difference between group vs individual reasoning. We observed that the narrative strategy of response induces more wrong answers. However, narrative-based strategies have higher effectiveness in the case of group reasoning. Our results suggest that narrative reasoning and group reasoning may induce violations of the conjunction rule when acceptable by the verisimilitude of the story. Five models are also presented in order to predict answer correctness and strategy of reasoning using a text analysis software.

Reflective Knowledge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chienkuo Mi ◽  
Shane Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Extended Cognition ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Reflective Knowledge ◽  
Epistemological Disjunctivism ◽  
Recent Account

In this paper, we defend the claim that reflective knowledge is necessary for extended knowledge. We begin by examining a recent account of extended knowledge provided by Palermos and Pritchard (2013). We note a weakness with that account and a challenge facing theorists of extended knowledge. The challenge that we identify is to articulate the extended cognition condition necessary for extended knowledge in such a way as to avoid counterexample from the revamped Careless Math Student and Truetemp cases. We consider but reject Pritchard’s (2012b) epistemological disjunctivism as providing a model for doing so. Instead, we set out an account of reflection informed by Confucianism and dual-process theory. We make the case that reflective knowledge offers a way of overcoming the challenge identified. We show why such knowledge is necessary for extended knowledge, while building on Sosa’s (2012) account of meta-competence.

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