scholarly journals Mechanisms of behavior change in a brief dual-target motivational intervention: Reduction in alcohol use mediates intervention effects on risky sex.

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Celio ◽  
Nadine R. Mastroleo ◽  
Nancy P. Barnett ◽  
Suzanne M. Colby ◽  
Christopher W. Kahler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Risky Sex ◽  
Motivational Intervention ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Mechanisms Of Behavior Change ◽  
Dual Target

Reducing the Risk of Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies: A Study of a Motivational Intervention in Community Settings

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Counseling Session ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Motivational Intervention ◽  
Effective Contraception

Objectives. To test the feasibility and impact of a motivational intervention in reducing drinking and/or increasing effective contraception in women who are at risk for an alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Methods. A multisite single-arm pilot study was conducted in 6 community settings in 3 large cities. A total of 2384 women were screened for eligibility; 230 were eligible on the basis of their alcohol use and lack of contraception. Of the eligible women, 190 consented and were enrolled, and 143 (75.3%) completed the 6-month follow-up. The intervention consisted of 4 manual-guided motivational counseling sessions delivered by mental health clinicians and 1 contraceptive counseling session delivered by a family planning clinician. Outcome measures include intervention completion rates, alcohol use (frequency, quantity, and bingeing), contraceptive use and effectiveness, and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Results. Among women who completed the 6-month follow-up, 68.5% were no longer at risk of having an alcohol-exposed pregnancy; 12.6% of women who completed the program reduced drinking only; 23.1% used effective contraception only; and 32.9% reported both. Results were consistent across the 6 diverse high-risk settings. Conclusions. This study provides evidence that providing 4 sessions of motivational interviewing plus a contraception counseling session is feasible and strongly suggests that this intervention can decrease the risk of alcohol-exposed pregnancy in women in high-risk settings. Additional investigation in a randomized controlled trial is warranted.

Measuring Readiness to Change Substance Use, Alcohol Use, and Cannabis Use: An Experimental Manipulation of Cognitive Effort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J Schwebel ◽  
Jude G. Chavez ◽  
Matthew Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Negative Consequences

The Transtheoretical Model supports that readiness to change should predict actual substance-related behavior change, though this relationship is surprisingly modest. Across several behavioral domains, individuals tend to have unrealistic expectations regarding the amount of effort and time required to successfully change one’s behaviors, dubbed the False Hope Syndrome. Based on the False Hope Syndrome, we expect that the standard method of measuring self-reported readiness to change is inaccurate and overestimated. To test this hypothesis, we experimentally manipulated the level of cognitive effort or focus on the practical implications of changing substance use prior to completing readiness to change measures. College students from a large southwestern university who reported using substances in the past 30 days (n = 345) were recruited from a psychology department participant pool to complete this experimental study online. Participants were randomized to one of three conditions: 1) standard low effort condition, 2) medium effort condition (had to select likes/dislikes of substance use, and negative consequences of changing one’s use), and 3) high effort condition (also provided text responses to how they would handle difficult situations related to changing their substance use). We conducted one-way ANOVAs with Tukey post-hoc comparisons to examine differences on three measures of readiness to change: the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scale for overall substance use as well as the readiness and motivation rulers for overall substance use, alcohol use, and cannabis use. Contrary to our hypothesis, all significant statistical tests supported higher cognitive effort conditions reporting higher readiness to change. Although effect sizes were modest, higher cognitive effort appeared to increase self-reported readiness to change substance use. To address the present study’s limitations, additional work is needed to test how self-reported readiness to change relates to actual behavior change when assessed under the different effort conditions.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Brief Motivational Intervention for Alcohol Use through Stages of Change among Nontreatment Seeking Injured Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2361-2372
Author(s):  
Craig A. Field ◽  
Dylan K. Richards ◽  
Yessenia Castro ◽  
José Alonso Cabriales ◽  
Amy Wagler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Motivational Intervention ◽  
Brief Motivational Intervention ◽  
Injured Patients
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