scholarly journals The structure of peritraumatic reactions and their relationship with PTSD among disaster survivors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-259
Author(s):  
Alessandro Massazza ◽  
Helene Joffe ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Chris R. Brewin
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Peritraumatic Reactions

scholarly journals Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-337
Author(s):  
Alessandro Massazza ◽  
Chris R. Brewin ◽  
Helene Joffe
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Peritraumatic Reactions ◽  
Mental Defeat ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Earthquake Survivors

Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during traumatic events, that is, peritraumatic reactions, are key to post-trauma psychopathology development. Qualitative research is required to investigate whether existing quantitative methods capture the range and complexity of peritraumatic reactions as described by survivors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 104 earthquake survivors. Participants reported experiencing various peritraumatic reactions ( M = 21, range = 6–43). The survivors’ accounts confirmed presence and overall phenomenological characteristics of commonly studied peritraumatic reactions such as dissociation, distress, mental defeat, and immobility. In addition, novel and understudied reactions were identified: cognitive overload, hyperfocus, and emotion regulation, as well as positive affect. Finally, a number of cross-cutting phenomena were identified such as the social nature of many reactions and survivors evaluating their reactions as difficult to put into words. These findings have implications for the conceptualization of peritraumatic reactions, for trauma-focused psychotherapeutic interventions, and for the wellbeing of disaster survivors.

Peritraumatic Reactions: Predictors of Poor Response to Pharmacological Treatment for PTSD

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Fiszman ◽  
Mauro V. Mendlowicz ◽  
Carla Marques-Portella ◽  
Eliane Volchan ◽  
Evandro S. F. Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Peritraumatic Reactions

scholarly journals When Housing and Communities Were Delivered: A Case Study of Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Rural Reconstruction and Recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7629
Author(s):  
Haorui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Two Phases

This study contributes to an in-depth examination of how Wenchuan earthquake disaster survivors utilize intensive built environment reconstruction outcomes (housing and infrastructural systems) to facilitate their long-term social and economic recovery and sustainable rural development. Post-disaster recovery administered via top-down disaster management systems usually consists of two phases: a short-term, government-led reconstruction (STGLR) of the built environment and a long-term, survivor-led recovery (LTSLR) of human and social settings. However, current studies have been inadequate in examining how rural disaster survivors have adapted to their new government-provided housing or how communities conducted their long-term recovery efforts. This qualitative case study invited sixty rural disaster survivors to examine their place-making activities utilizing government-delivered, urban-style residential communities to support their long-term recovery. This study discovered that rural residents’ recovery activities successfully perpetuated their original rural lives and rebuilt social connections and networks both individually and collectively. However, they were only able to manage their agriculture-based livelihood recovery temporarily. This research suggests that engaging rural inhabitants’ place-making expertise and providing opportunities to improve their housing and communities would advance the long-term grassroots recovery of lives and livelihoods, achieving sustainable development.

Examining Postdisaster Behavior Through a Criminological Lens: A Look at Property Crime

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1179-1195
Author(s):  
Kelly Frailing ◽  
Dee Wood Harper
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Accurate Picture ◽  
Disaster Studies ◽  
Disaster Survivors

Disaster sociology has a rich and undeniably valuable history. Among other things, it has revealed much about the behavior of disaster survivors. In recent years, criminologists have turned their attention and the discipline’s theories, methods, and data sources to understanding behavior in the wake of disasters and have come to a number of additional and sometimes different conclusions than did sociologists. In this article, we examine property crime in the wake of some recent and high-profile disasters. We find short-term increases in burglary after a number of disasters, ostensibly challenging some long-held notions in disaster sociology. We contend that the use of criminological methods including secondary analysis of extant data to understand behavior after disasters provides a more nuanced and accurate picture of postdisaster behavior and conclude with a call for inclusion of these theories, methods, and data sources in disaster studies more widely.

scholarly journals Medical Allocations to Persons with Special Needs during a Bioterrorism Event

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E Brannen ◽  
Melissa Branum ◽  
Sejal Pawani ◽  
Sandy Miller ◽  
Jeanne Bowman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Willingness To Serve ◽  
Ice Storms ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
General Population Cohort

After the bioterrorism-anthrax attacks of 2001, individual public health officials were tasked with planning population-wide medicine dispensing. This planning started with assumptions and then evaluations of seasonal immunization clinics. Research of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic-vaccination campaign showed that an adequately prepared public health system could have prevented over 16% of flu-associated hospitalizations. The 2011 ice storms revealed difficulties with sheltering medically fragile persons with disabilities. Later research showed that training and preparedness levels increased responders’ willingness to serve. Also, when triaging disaster survivors to general shelters, medical shelters, or mental health services; sorting to community mass care services improved up to 15% when past traumatic effects, personal care assistance, or service methodology were accounted for. The number of persons who are disabled and dependent on electric medical equipment are increasing. This current study compared the time it takes to dispense medication to two different cohorts: a general-population cohort (n=31) and a special-needs cohort (n=30). The cohort comprised entirely of persons with special needs took 4.1 compared to 2.48 minutes per person in a general population cohort (p=.057). A person with any special needs took 3.73 versus 2.43 minutes for a person with no special needs (p=.082). Modeling of service times per station and cohort type found significant delays at the medical station among persons in the general population who are pregnant (840 seconds, p=.002) and persons in the special needs cohort with a language barrier (750 seconds, p=.001).

HUBUNGAN ANTARA RESILIENSI DENGAN PERAN IBU PADA ANAK PENYINTAS BENCANA DI HUNTARA LERE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Gustina Gustina ◽  
Nurdin Nurdin ◽  
Yulian Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Child Survivors ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Age Range

Natural disasters challenge regions, environments, and communities to regain control of their lives and rise to face their future. To turn up from pressure or be resilient, disaster victims need support from their families and their environment. Disaster victims need help from their families and their environment to rise again from pressure or be resilient. Based on this, there is an assumption that mothers can increase survivors' resilience to keep growing from stress. The method used in this research is quantitative research methods, using data collection techniques through questionnaires or questionnaires as a data collection technique. The research was conducted at Huntara Lere. The population in this study were child survivors of the disaster in Lere Huntara with the criteria for children in the age range 7-12 years and lived in Lere Village, West Palu District, Palu City. The collected data were then analyzed using validity, reliability, and assumption tests using the SPSS 16 assisted technique. This study shows no significant correlation between resilience and the role of mothers in child disaster survivors in Huntara Lere. Another finding from this study is that, in general, child survivors in Huntara Lere were not cared for by their parents.

Populist Publics

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-142
Author(s):  
Nicole Curato
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mass Murderer

In May 2016, the Philippines elected a self-confessed mass murderer as president of one of Asia’s oldest democracies. There are many interpretations for Rodrigo Duterte’s rise to power. This chapter offers a distinct perspective from disaster-affected communities who actively campaigned for Duterte. It argues that the emergence of ‘populist publics’ cannot be reduced to a simple case of a demagogue manipulating the sentiments of desperate citizens. Instead, the chapter argues that the relationship between Duterte and disaster survivors is negotiated and contingent, conditional and not fanatical, morally complex and not based on hasty judgment. The chapter argues that populists must also be understood not only in terms of what they say but also how they engage in affective forms of attunement, which allows them to effectively respond to hidden injuries of communities of misery.

Ethical Considerations for Postdisaster Fieldwork and Data Collection in the Caribbean

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1129-1144
Author(s):  
Hans M. Louis-Charles ◽  
Rosalyn Howard ◽  
Lionel Remy ◽  
Farah Nibbs ◽  
Grace Turner
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Unethical Practices ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Human Participant ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Local Agencies

The postdisaster environment presents a multitude of ethical and logistical challenges for researchers interested in gathering timely and unpreserved data. Due to the unavailability of secondary data in the immediate aftermath of disasters, postdisaster researchers have become dependent on qualitative methods that involve engaging with disaster survivors as research participants. This is a common interaction in the Caribbean due to the region’s high occurrence of disasters and human participant engagement by external researchers during the postdisaster phase. However, due to escalating unethical practices since the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Caribbean nations are beginning the process of censuring unapproved postdisaster fieldwork by external researchers. In this study, the authors approach these ethical considerations through a justice lens to propose a checklist for postdisaster researchers interested in ethical fieldwork and justice for their research participants. Correspondence with Caribbean emergency managers confirms the negative perception toward external researchers and the trend of enacting protocols that stop unvetted community access following disasters. However, these local agencies acknowledge the benefits of ethical postdisaster research and are open to serving as research coordinating centers. Such coordinating centers would harness local capabilities and lower the likelihood of the duplication of research topics and the overburdening of survivors as research participants.

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