Supplemental Material for Effects of Childhood Trauma, Daily Stress, and Emotions on Daily Cortisol Levels in Individuals Vulnerable to Suicide

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Cortisol Levels

scholarly journals Effects of Childhood Trauma, Daily Stress and Emotions on Daily Cortisol Levels in Individuals Vulnerable to Suicide

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor ◽  
Dawn Branley-Bell ◽  
Jessica Green ◽  
Eamonn Ferguson ◽  
Ronan O' Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Stressors ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Objectives: Suicide is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, has been identified as one potential risk factor. Evidence has indicated that childhood trauma is associated with dysregulated cortisol reactivity to stress in adulthood. The current study investigated for the first time whether childhood trauma and daily stressors and emotions were associated with diurnal cortisol levels over a 7-day study in individuals vulnerable to suicide. Methods: 142 participants were categorized according to their suicidal history into three groups: suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or control group. Participants completed questionnaires before commencing a 7-day study. Cortisol samples were provided immediately upon waking, at 15 mins, 30 mins, 45 mins, 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours and 12 hours on 7 consecutive days. Measures of daily stressors, mood, defeat and entrapment were completed at the end of each day. Results: Participants in the suicide attempt and ideation groups released significantly lower cortisol upon awakening (CAR) and had a tendency towards flatter wake-peak to 12 hour (WP-12) cortisol slopes compared to controls. Childhood trauma was found to be associated with significantly lower CAR and a tendency towards flatter WP-12 cortisol slope. Childhood trauma also had an indirect effect on suicide vulnerability group membership via lower daily CAR levels. Lower CAR was associated with increased suicide ideation at 1-month but not 6-months. Daily stress and emotion measures were not associated with cortisol levels. Conclusions: This is the first 7-day daily diary investigation of naturally fluctuating cortisol levels in individuals vulnerable to suicide. The results indicate that dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity is associated with suicidal ideation and behavior. Childhood trauma appears to be an important distal factor associated with HPA-axis dysregulation.

scholarly journals Effects of childhood trauma, daily stress, and emotions on daily cortisol levels in individuals vulnerable to suicide.

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl B. O'Connor ◽  
Dawn Branley-Bell ◽  
Jessica A. Green ◽  
Eamonn Ferguson ◽  
Ronan E. O'Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Cortisol Levels

scholarly journals Effect of Self-Management Intervention on Cortisol and Daily Stress Levels in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wimon Deechakawan ◽  
Kevin C. Cain ◽  
Monica E. Jarrett ◽  
Robert L. Burr ◽  
Margaret M. Heitkemper
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Omnibus Test ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Urine Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Self-management programs that include cognitive behavioral strategies have been shown to improve gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, psychological distress, and quality of life (QoL) in persons with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, less is known about the physiological impact of such a change. As part of a randomized controlled trial using a comprehensive self-management (CSM) intervention ( n = 126) compared to usual care (UC; n = 62), cortisol levels were measured in 4 weekly first morning urine samples at baseline and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. In addition, diary (28 days) ratings of stress were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. The omnibus test of all three outcome times showed no differences in urine cortisol levels between the CSM and UC groups ( p = .400); however, at 3 months the CSM group had significantly higher cortisol levels than the UC group ( p = .012). The CSM group reported lower daily stress levels ( p = .046 from the omnibus test of all 3 time points) than the UC group, with the effect getting stronger over time. Despite marked improvements in reported stress and previously reported GI and psychological distress symptoms at later follow-ups, the CSM program did not reduce urine cortisol levels in adults with IBS. These results suggest that the first-void urine cortisol levels are not reflective of self-reported daily stress in this patient population.

scholarly journals Cognitive Performance and Morning Levels of Salivary Cortisol and α-Amylase in Children Reporting High vs. Low Daily Stress Perception

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique F. Maldonado ◽  
Francisco J. Fernandez ◽  
M. Victoria Trianes ◽  
Keith Wesnes ◽  
Orlando Petrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of daily stress perception on cognitive performance and morning basal salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase levels in healthy children aged 9–12. Participants were classified by whether they had low daily perceived stress (LPS,n= 27) or a high daily perceived stress (HPS,n= 26) using the Children Daily Stress Inventory (CDSI). Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase were measured at awakening and 30 minutes later. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Cognitive Drug Research assessment system. The HPS group exhibited significantly poorer scores on speed of memory (p < .05) and continuity of attention (p< .05) relative to the LPS group. The HPS group also showed significantly lower morning cortisol levels at awakening and at +30 minutes measures in comparison with the LPS group (p< .05), and mean morning cortisol levels were negatively correlated with speed of memory (p< .05) in the 53 participants. No significant differences were observed between both groups in alpha-amylase levels. These findings suggest that daily perceived stress in children may impoverish cognitive performance via its modulating effects on the HPA axis activity.

The effects of childhood trauma on the onset, severity and improvement of depression: The role of dysfunctional attitudes and cortisol levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 402-410
Author(s):  
Yumeng Ju ◽  
Mi Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Lu ◽  
Jinrong Sun ◽  
Qiangli Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Cortisol Levels

scholarly journals Effects of childhood trauma on cortisol levels in suicide attempters and ideators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor ◽  
Jessica Green ◽  
Eamonn Ferguson ◽  
Ronan O' Carroll ◽  
Rory O' Connor
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Laboratory Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity

Objectives: Suicide is a global health issue. Dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, asmeasured by cortisol levels, has been identified as one potential risk factor for suicide. Recent evidence hasindicated that blunted cortisol reactivity to stress is associated with suicidal behavior. The current study investigatedwhether childhood trauma was associated with blunted cortisol reactivity to a laboratory stressor andresting cortisol levels in suicide attempters and ideators.Methods: 160 Participants were recruited and grouped according to history of previous suicidal attempt, suicidalideation or as control participants. Participants completed background questionnaires, including the ChildhoodTrauma Questionnaire, before completing a laboratory stress task. Cortisol levels were assessed at rest andduring the stress task.Results: The highest levels of childhood trauma were reported in those who had attempted suicide (78.7%),followed by those who thought about suicide (37.7%) and then those with no suicidal history (17.8%).Moreover, regression analyses showed that childhood trauma was a significant predictor of blunted cortisolreactivity to stress and resting cortisol levels, such that higher levels of trauma were associated with lowercortisol levels in those with a suicidal history. Family history of suicide did not interact with the effects ofchildhood trauma on cortisol levels.Conclusions: These results indicate that childhood trauma is associated with blunted HPA axis activity in vulnerablepopulations in adulthood. The challenge for researchers is to elucidate the precise causal mechanismslinking trauma, cortisol and suicide risk and to investigate whether the effects of childhood trauma on cortisollevels are amendable to psychological intervention.

scholarly journals The relationships of working conditions, recent stressors and childhood trauma with salivary cortisol levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Holleman ◽  
Sophie A. Vreeburg ◽  
Jack J.M. Dekker ◽  
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Psychological resilience and daily stress mediate the effect of childhood trauma on depression

2022 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 105485
Author(s):  
Kaili Zheng ◽  
Jun Chu ◽  
Xiaocui Zhang ◽  
Zixia Ding ◽  
Qian Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Daily Stress

scholarly journals Effects of childhood trauma exposure and cortisol levels on cognitive functioning among breast cancer survivors

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Charles Kamen ◽  
Caroline Scheiber ◽  
Michelle Janelsins ◽  
Booil Jo ◽  
Hanyang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Cortisol Levels
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