Exploring the racial diagnostic bias of schizophrenia using behavioral and clinical-based measures.

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elana K. Schwartz ◽  
Nancy M. Docherty ◽  
Gina M. Najolia ◽  
Alex S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Bias

scholarly journals Investigating diagnostic bias in autism spectrum conditions: An item response theory analysis of sex bias in the AQ-10

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
Carrie Allison ◽  
Paula L. Smith ◽  
Simon Baron-Cohen ◽  
Tom Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Conditions ◽  
Sex Bias ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Bias ◽  
Item Response Theory Analysis

Pink and blue: the role of gender in psychiatric diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
George Gillett
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Diagnostic Bias ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Why are the diagnostic criteria of some psychiatric disorders standardised by gender while others are not? Why standardise symptom questionnaires by gender but not other personal characteristics such as ethnicity, socioeconomic class or sexual orientation? And how might our changing attitudes towards gender, born from scientific research and changing societal narratives, alter our opinion of these questions? This paper approaches these dilemmas by assessing the concept of diagnosis in psychiatry itself, before analysing two common approaches to the study of psychiatric diagnosis; the naturalist and constructivist views. The paper assesses the relative merits and significance of each, before turning its attention to the nature of gender and its relevance to psychiatry. The paper introduces a framework to approach gender-based diagnostic bias and concludes by drawing a distinction between qualitative and quantitative standardisation, arguing that gender standardisation of psychiatric diagnoses is ethically justified in the former but not the latter.

Diagnostic bias and toxic shock syndrome

1984 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. A82-A102
Author(s):  
Mary R. Harvey ◽  
Ralph I. Horwitz ◽  
Alvan R. Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Diagnostic Bias

Siblings and Birth Order—Are They Important for the Occurrence of ADHD?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Reimelt ◽  
Nicole Wolff ◽  
Heike Hölling ◽  
Sabine Mogwitz ◽  
Stefan Ehrlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Order Number ◽  
Diagnostic Bias ◽  
German Health ◽  
Kiggs Study ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective: The associations of birth order, number of siblings, and ADHD was examined. Method: The analysis based on representative, epidemiological data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study ( N = 13,488). Results: An increased risk for ADHD in firstborn versus youngest born children (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.09, 1.58]) and also versus children with no sibling (OR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.03, 1.68]) was revealed, while number of siblings was not associated with ADHD. Results remained stable after controlling for confounders. Conclusion: Firstborn children may receive simultaneously less parental resources and more responsibilities if younger siblings are born. This happens during the vulnerable developmental period of ADHD. In addition, due to higher levels of insecurity, parents are assumed to focus more on potential physical or psychological abnormities in their firstborn children. This may result in a diagnostic bias in firstborn children.

scholarly journals Testicular vasculitis: a diagnostic conundrum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice M Malpas ◽  
Richard Y Ball ◽  
Chetan Mukhtyar ◽  
James W MacKay ◽  
Mohammed Omer
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Bias ◽  
Diagnostic Confusion ◽  
Testicular Lesions ◽  
Single Organ

Abstract Vasculitis is rare in the context of testicular lesions but, when found, can be classified as a single organ vasculitis or part of a multi-organ inflammatory process. In the context of a patient with a pre-existing autoimmune disorder, this finding might cause diagnostic confusion and preferentially bias a physician towards attributing the condition to the known diagnosis or its treatment. This diagnostic bias can interfere with patient care and lead to over caution, resulting in a worse outcome for the patient involved. We describe such a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on biologic therapy.

scholarly journals Onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms after psychological trauma may result in erroneous diagnostic bias

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (sep08 1) ◽  
pp. bcr0820092166-bcr0820092166 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hakala ◽  
J. Rinne ◽  
H. Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Diagnostic Bias

Diagnostic bias and toxic shock syndrome

1984 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. A81-A82
Author(s):  
Michael T. Osterholm ◽  
Robert W. Gibson ◽  
Jeffrey P. Davis ◽  
Jack S. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Diagnostic Bias

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Presentations of Second-Generation Afro-Caribbeans in Britain

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Goodman ◽  
Hilary Richards
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Diagnostic Bias ◽  
Child Psychiatric ◽  
Autistic Disorders

BackgroundA clinical sample was used to investigate whether second-generation Afro-Caribbean children differed from other British-born children in their psychiatric presentation or vulnerability to risk factors.MethodSecond-generation Afro-Caribbean patients (n = 292) were compared with a predominantly white group of patients (n = 1311) who lived in the same inner-city area and attended the same child psychiatric clinic between 1973 and 1989. Data on psychiatric presentation and background factors were systematically recorded at the time of the initial clinical assessment.ResultsAfro-Caribbean patients were exposed to more socio-economic disadvantage but less family dysfunction. The ratio of emotional to conduct disorders was lower among Afro-Caribbean than among the comparison patients – an effect that was not evidently due to demographic factors or diagnostic bias. Most risk factors for emotional or conduct disorders had comparable effects on Afro-Caribbean and comparison patients. Psychotic and autistic disorders were disproportionately common among the Afro-Caribbean patients.ConclusionsSecond-generation Afro-Caribbean children differ somewhat from other British-born children in their psychiatric presentation – a difference that has persisted over the 1970s and 1980s and that deserves more investigation than it has received to date.

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