scholarly journals Negative cognitive style interacts with negative life events to predict first onset of a major depressive episode in adolescence via hopelessness.

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoise Mac Giollabhui ◽  
Jessica L. Hamilton ◽  
Johanna Nielsen ◽  
Samantha L. Connolly ◽  
Jonathan P. Stange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Negative Cognitive Style ◽  
First Onset

scholarly journals Cross-Lagged Associations Between Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Negative Cognitive Style: The Role of Negative Life Events

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2141-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn C. M. Kindt ◽  
Marloes Kleinjan ◽  
Jan M. A. M. Janssens ◽  
Ron H. J. Scholte
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Negative Cognitive Style

Life events, social support and the onset of major depressive episode

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
U.S. Leskela ◽  
T.K. Melartin ◽  
P.S. Lestela-Mielonen ◽  
H.J. Rytsala ◽  
T.P. Sokero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Negative Self-Referential Processing Predicts the Recurrence of Major Depressive Episodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle LeMoult ◽  
Katharina Kircanski ◽  
Gautam Prasad ◽  
Ian H. Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Referential Processing ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Most individuals who develop major depressive disorder (MDD) will experience a recurrent depressive episode; we know little, however, about cognitive mechanisms that increase the likelihood of recurrence. In the current study we examined whether negatively biased self-referential processing, negative life events, baseline depressive symptoms, and psychotropic medication use predicted the onset of a subsequent depressive episode in a longitudinal study of women with a history of recurrent MDD. Higher levels of depressive symptoms at baseline predicted experiencing a greater number of negative life events, which, in turn, tended to predict recurrence of depression. It is important that after accounting for other associations, negatively biased self-referential processing contributed unique variance to the likelihood of experiencing a depressive episode over the next 3 years. Thus, negatively biased self-referential processing appears to be a significant risk factor for the recurrence of depressive episodes and may be an important target for interventions aimed at preventing future episodes.

scholarly journals What patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder perceive as adverse life events precipitating a current major depressive episode

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Anne Van Schoor ◽  
Pierre M Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
A Current

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Adverse life events (ALEs) as precipitants of a major depressive episode (MDE) have been the subject of many studies. These studies indicate an increase in ALEs in the 6 months preceding an MDE.</p><p><strong>Objectives. </strong>The study examined what participants, suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD), perceived as the precipitating ALE of a current MDE. The severity and categories of ALEs were compared between these two patient groups.</p><p><span><strong>Methods. </strong>Consenting, adult inpatients were sourced from Weskoppies Hospital, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Tshwane District Hospital, Denmar Psychiatric Hospital and Vista Clinic in the Pretoria area. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and the diagnosis. Information regarding the course of the disorder, including the number of previous MDEs and the age at which the first MDE occurred, was also obtained. The perceived precipitating ALE was detailed for each participant. A severity value referred to as a Life Change Unit Score (LCU score), based on the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire (RLCQ) by Miller and Rahe, was then assigned to each participant’s perceived precipitant.</span></p><p><span><strong>Results.</strong> Of the 64 participants, 12.7 % were experiencing a first MDE. In those participants who had experienced prior episodes the average number (standard deviation (SD)) of previous episodes was 3.86 (2.46). The mean approximate age (SD) at first onset of an MDE was 24.81 (10.9) years. The BD group had significantly more previous MDEs than the MDD group. Although the average LCU scores were higher in the BD group than the MDD group this did not reach statistical significance. Therefore, this study could not find a difference in the severity of the perceived precipitants between the BD group and MDD group. However, when the LCU scores were analysed within subcategories of the RLCQ, it was found that participants with BD perceived significantly more problems associated with the workplace as precipitants of a current MDE than individuals with MDD.</span></p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Most participants could link an ALE to the onset of a current MDE. The study did not find a differential response to ALEs between patients with BD and MDD. The severity of the social precipitants did not differ significantly between the two groups. The notion of a ‘kindling effect’ could not be supported by the outcome of this study. Because some study participants experienced ALEs not accounted for by the RLCQ, a more comprehensive assessment instrument may be more appropriate for similar studies.</p>

Life Events, Social Support, and Onset of Major Depressive Episode in Finnish Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla S. Leskel?? ◽  
Tarja K. Melartin ◽  
Paula S. Lestel??-Mielonen ◽  
Heikki J. Ryts??l?? ◽  
T Petteri Sokero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive
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