Posttraumatic stress predicting depression and social support among college students: Moderating effects of race and gender.

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güler Boyraz ◽  
Sharon G. Horne ◽  
Aisha P. Armstrong ◽  
Archandria C. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Breastfeeding Exposure, Attitudes, and Intentions of African American and Caucasian College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urmeka T. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
African American ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
African American Mothers ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Caucasian Students ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Breastfeeding Attitudes

Background: African American mothers lag behind in breastfeeding initiation. Research is needed to gain an understanding of potential reasons for breastfeeding disparities. Research aim: This study explored breastfeeding exposure, attitudes, and intentions of African American and Caucasian college students by race and gender. Methods: Women and men (696) attending college, who were younger than 45 years and without children, were included in this study. Survey data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. Results: Overall, students demonstrated favorable attitudes regarding breastfeeding but viewed formula feeding as more practical. Students who were Caucasian and female and experienced breastfeeding exposure demonstrated higher breastfeeding attitudes and intent. Breastfeeding exposure and attitudes contributed 32% of the variance in breastfeeding intentions. The odds of experiencing breastfeeding exposure and positive breastfeeding attitudes were approximately 3 times higher for Caucasian students than for African American students. Conclusion: External factors demonstrated a stronger association with breastfeeding intentions. The link with race and gender appears to operate through their effect on attitudes and exposure. More research is needed to identify strategies to improve breastfeeding exposure and attitudes among African Americans.

Employee voice and perceived attractiveness: are less attractive employees ignored in the workplace?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Timming ◽  
Chris Baumann ◽  
Paul Gollan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Workplace Discrimination ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Physically Attractive

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the effect of employees' perceived physical attractiveness on the extent to which their voices are “listened to” by management.Design/methodology/approachUsing an experimental research design, the paper estimates main effects of employee attractiveness and possible moderating effects of employee race and gender as well as the gender of their “managers.”FindingsThe results suggest that, with few exceptions, more physically attractive employees are significantly more likely to have their suggestions acted upon by managers than less attractive employees, pointing to a powerful form of workplace discrimination. This finding holds across races, with more attractive white, black, and Asian employees exerting a more impactful voice than their less attractive counterparts, although the moderation appears to be stronger for whites than ethnic minorities.Research limitations/implicationsThe results have important implications for the extant literatures on employee voice, diversity and discrimination.Originality/valueThis is among the first studies to demonstrate that less attractive employees suffer from an “employee voice deficit” vis-à-vis their more attractive counterparts.

Financial Stress, Social Supports, Gender, and Anxiety During College: A Stress-Buffering Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 846-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisia G. T. T. Tran ◽  
Christina K. Lam ◽  
Eric Legg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Financial Stress ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
And Gender

In this study, we examined financial stress and general anxiety in college students ( N = 304) with attention to the moderating roles of different types of social support (i.e., family support, social support) and gender, as assessed via moderated moderation. Results indicated that financial stress was moderately-to-strongly associated with symptoms of general anxiety. A three-way interaction revealed that perceived family support and gender were moderators of financial stress in relation to general anxiety. Consistent with a stress-buffering effect, for male college students financial strain was positively associated with general anxiety at low levels of perceived family support, but unrelated at high levels of family support. For female college students, a significant financial stress–anxiety link was present regardless of level of family support. This study highlights the potential mental health costs of financial stress faced by college students, with implications for tailoring mental health interventions that target financial stress.

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