scholarly journals Role of sleep continuity and total sleep time in executive function across the adult lifespan.

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine A. Wilckens ◽  
Sarah G. Woo ◽  
Afton R. Kirk ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Mark E. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Sleep Continuity

Mediating role of screen media use on adolescents' total sleep time: A cluster‐randomized controlled trial for physical activity and sedentary behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
Margarethe Thaisi Garro Knebel ◽  
Adriano Ferreti Borgatto ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes ◽  
Priscila Cristina Santos ◽  
Thiago Sousa Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Screen Media ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Screen Media Use ◽  
Cluster Randomized

scholarly journals 0363 Racial/Ethnic Differences in Actigraphy, Questionnaire, and Polysomnography-Measured Indicators of Sleep Health and Sleep Quality: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A138-A139
Author(s):  
J Chung ◽  
M O Goodman ◽  
T Huang ◽  
M Wallace ◽  
S Bertisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Sleep Continuity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Introduction Paradigm shifts in sleep research suggest the importance of considering multi-dimensional sleep health, compared to single metrics, to promote physical and mental well-being and to understand racial/ethnic disparities in sleep. Methods We used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n = 1,740) to create a Sleep Health Score (SHS), including questionnaire (quality, sleepiness); 7-day actigraphy (total sleep time, sleep continuity [sleep maintenance efficiency], timing consistency [midpoint variability], fragmentation, wake after sleep onset, sleep onset latency); and in-home polysomnography (%N3 sleep, %REM sleep, AHI). Sleep parameters were dichotomized based on prior literature or by healthiest quartile(s), with positive values denoting healthier sleep (e.g. Epworth scores < 10). All 11 dichotomized parameters were summed to calculate the SHS (mean=4.9, sd=1.58). We used modified Poisson and linear regression for individual sleep outcomes and the SHS, respectively, adjusting for age and sex. Results The sample was older (mean age=68.28, sd=9.08) and 54% female. SHSs were associated with Black race (β=-0.60 [-0.78, -0.42]) and Hispanic ethnicity (β=-0.40 [-0.59, -0.21]), but not Chinese ethnicity (β=-0.16 [-0.41, 0.08]). Compared to Whites (n=644), Blacks (n=485) showed lower adjusted probability of obtaining favorable levels of: sleep continuity, fragmentation, timing consistency, alertness/sleepiness, and sleep depth (%N3 sleep). Chinese respondents (n=202) had lower probability of obtaining favorable levels of: sleep continuity and timing consistency, but higher probability of quality. Hispanics (n=409) had lower probability of obtaining healthy levels of: sleep continuity, timing consistency, and fragmentation. Neither healthy total sleep time (middle quartiles) nor AHI (<30) differed by race/ethnicity. Conclusion Among MESA-Sleep participants, summary SHSs were lowest in Blacks, followed by Hispanics. Multiple dimensions of sleep - particularly related to continuity and timing consistency - were less favorable across race/ethnic minority groups. A summary SHS may help monitor sleep health across populations, while measurement of specific sleep components may help identify modifiable targets. Support Joon Chung is supported by a T-32 NIH training grant.

scholarly journals Caudate Volume Mediates the Interaction between Total Sleep Time and Executive Function after Acute Exercise in Healthy Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyeon Won ◽  
Alfonso J. Alfini ◽  
Lauren R. Weiss ◽  
Casandra C. Nyhuis ◽  
Adam P. Spira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

scholarly journals Sleep continuity and total sleep time are associated with task-switching and preparation in young and older adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine A. Wilckens ◽  
Sarah G. Woo ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Mark E. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Continuity

scholarly journals P129 A substantial percentage of patients with Chronic Insomnia do not appreciably increase Total Sleep Time after Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A63-A63
Author(s):  
H Scott ◽  
J Cheung ◽  
A Muench ◽  
H Ivers ◽  
M Grandner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Sleep Continuity

Abstract Introduction Total sleep time (TST) does not exceed baseline for the majority of patients after CBT-I. However by follow-up, TST increases by almost 1 hour on average. The current study investigated the extent to which this TST improvement is common and assessed for baseline predictors of increased TST after CBT-I. Methods This study is an archival analysis of data from a randomised clinical trial comparing acute CBT-I to acute CBT-I plus maintenance therapy (N = 80). The percent of patients that exceeded baseline TST by ≥30 minutes was assessed at post treatment and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months following treatment. Linear mixed models were conducted to assess the effect of patient demographics (age, sex, ethnicity, marital status), and baseline Sleep Diary-reported sleep continuity and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores on changes in TST. Results 17% of patients achieved an appreciable increase in TST by treatment end, and this proportion only increased to 58% over time. Sleep Diary-reported sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, early morning awakenings, total wake time, TST, and sleep efficiency at baseline were associated with greater increases in TST after CBT-I (interaction ps < .03). Demographics and ISI scores were not significant predictors (interaction ps > .07). Conclusion A substantial proportion of patients do not appreciably increase TST after CBT-I, but patients with more severe sleep continuity disturbances at baseline exhibited the largest improvements. Whether all patients could increase their TST even further after CBT-I is a topic for further investigation.

scholarly journals Sleep, Prospective Memory, and Immune Status among People Living with HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Brice Faraut ◽  
Lorenzo Tonetti ◽  
Alexandre Malmartel ◽  
Sophie Grabar ◽  
Jade Ghosn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sleep Continuity ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

Background: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) frequently report sleep complaints, but objective measurements are still lacking regarding sleep continuity, total sleep time per 24 h, and the links with both prospective memory performance and HIV infection parameters. Methods: PLWH (n = 96) and control (n = 96) groups (balanced for gender and age) were monitored by 24h-actigraphy for at least seven consecutive days. The prospective memory performance was assessed through a naturalistic, activity-based task performed twice a day on the actigraph. Results: PLWH had greater sleep latency and worse sleep continuity (higher fragmentation index) for night-time sleep and longest daytime nap (mean duration of the longest nap). Comparable results were reported for the prospective memory task; better performance scores were associated with several sleep parameters in controls but not in PLWH. Finally, within the PLWH group, being a long sleeper per 24 h (total sleep time > 8 h including more and long daytime naps) was associated with a greater severity of the disease (lower CD4 nadir and more frequent history of AIDS-defining events). Conclusions: These findings indicate that PLWH have more fragmented sleep and that the severity of HIV infection is associated with increased sleep duration.

scholarly journals Hyperarousal Is Associated with Socioemotional Processing in Individuals with Insomnia Symptoms and Good Sleepers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben D. M. Howlett ◽  
Kari A. Lustig ◽  
Kevin J. MacDonald ◽  
Kimberly A. Cote
Keyword(s):  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Group Self ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Or Task

Despite complaints of difficulties in waking socioemotional functioning by individuals with insomnia, only a few studies have investigated emotion processing performance in this group. Additionally, the role of sleep in socioemotional processing has not been investigated extensively nor using quantitative measures of sleep. Individuals with insomnia symptoms (n = 14) and healthy good sleepers (n = 15) completed two nights of at-home polysomnography, followed by an afternoon of in-lab performance testing on tasks measuring the processing of emotional facial expressions. The insomnia group self-reported less total sleep time, but no other group differences in sleep or task performance were observed. Greater beta EEG power throughout the night was associated with higher intensity ratings of happy, fearful and sad faces for individuals with insomnia, yet blunted sensitivity and lower accuracy for good sleepers. Thus, the presence of hyperarousal differentially impacted socioemotional processing of faces in individuals with insomnia symptoms and good sleepers.

scholarly journals Body Composition Impact on Sleep in Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Sedentariness, Physical Activity, and Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽  
Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High Bmi

Obesity and sleep disturbances are both related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, cardiovascular disease, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with sleep in young adults, considering the mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. A total of 187 adults aged 18–25 (35.29% men) participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio, and waist–height ratio were calculated, and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition. Sedentary time and physical activity, as well as sleep duration and quality, were objectively and subjectively measured using accelerometry and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. An inverse association was found between BMI and total sleep time (β = −0.165, p = 0.029). Waist–hip ratio and lean mass index were also negatively associated with total sleep time (β = −0.222, p = 0.007, and β = −0.219, p = 0.004) and sleep efficiency (β = −0.174, p = 0.037, and β = −0.188, p = 0.013). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the association of BMI with total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Sedentary time is, therefore, a link/risk factor mediating the association of high BMI with short sleep duration in healthy young men.

scholarly journals Effects of traumatic brain injury on sleep and enlarged perivascular spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2258-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan A Opel ◽  
Alison Christy ◽  
Erin L Boespflug ◽  
Kristianna B Weymann ◽  
Brendan Case ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Clearance of perivascular wastes in the brain may be critical to the pathogenesis of amyloidopathies. Enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) on MRI have also been associated with amyloidopathies, suggesting that there may be a mechanistic link between ePVS and impaired clearance. Sleep and traumatic brain injury (TBI) both modulate clearance of amyloid-beta through glymphatic function. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the relationship between sleep, TBI, and ePVS on brain MRI. A retrospective study was performed in individuals with overnight polysomnography and 3T brain MRI consented from a single site ( n = 38). Thirteen of these individuals had a medically confirmed history of TBI. ePVS were visually assessed by blinded experimenters and analyzed in conjunction with sleep metrics and TBI status. Overall, individuals with shorter total sleep time had significantly higher ePVS burden. Furthermore, individuals with TBI showed a stronger relationship between sleep and ePVS compared to the non-TBI group. These results support the hypothesis that ePVS may be modulated by sleep and TBI, and may have implications for the role of the glymphatic system in ePVS.

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