scholarly journals The dynamic relationship between cognitive function and positive well-being in older people: A prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Aging.

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Allerhand ◽  
Catharine R. Gale ◽  
Ian J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

scholarly journals Is there a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive ability in older people? A prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2057-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Gale ◽  
M. Allerhand ◽  
I. J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

BackgroundCross-sectional surveys of older people commonly find associations between higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer cognitive performance, but the direction of effect is unclear. We examined whether there was a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and general cognitive ability in non-demented older people, and explored the role of physical health, smoking, exercise, social class and education as potential confounders of this association and as possible determinants of the rate of change of cognitive decline and depressive symptoms.MethodThe English Longitudinal Study of Ageing consists of people aged 50 years and over. Cognitive function and self-reported depressive symptoms were measured in 2002–2003, 2004–2005, 2006–2007 and 2008–2009. We fitted linear piecewise models with fixed knot positions to allow different slopes for different age groups. Analyses are based on 8611 people.ResultsMean cognitive function declined with age; there was no trend in the trajectory of depressive symptoms. Better cognitive function was associated with less depression up to the age of 80 years. Greater depression was associated with a slightly faster rate of cognitive decline but only in people aged 60–80 years. There were no consistent associations across age groups between sex, smoking, education, social class, exercise or number of chronic physical illnesses and the rate of change of cognitive decline or depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal study of older people, there was no consistent evidence that being more depressed led to an acceleration in cognitive decline and no support for the hypothesis that there might be reciprocal dynamic influences between cognitive ability and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals The dynamic relationship between pain, depression and cognitive function in a sample of newly diagnosed arthritic adults: a cross-lagged panel model

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1663-1671
Author(s):  
Richard J. E. James ◽  
Eamonn Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

AbstractBackgroundPain and depression are common in the population and co-morbid with each other. Both are predictive of one another and are also associated with cognitive function; people who are in greater pain and more depressed respectively perform less well on tests of cognitive function. It has been argued that pain might cause deterioration in cognitive function, whereas better cognitive function earlier in life might be a protective factor against the emergence of disease. When looking at the dynamic relationship between these in chronic diseases, studying samples that already have advanced disease progression often confounds this relationship.MethodsUsing data from waves 1 to 3 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) (n = 516), we examined the interplay between pain, cognitive function and depression in a subsample of respondents reporting a diagnosis of arthritis at wave 2 of the ELSA using cross-lagged panel models.ResultsThe models showed that pain, cognitive function and depression at wave 1, prior to diagnosis, predict pain at wave 2, and that pain at wave 1 predicts depression at wave 2. Pain and depression at wave 2 predict cognitive function at wave 3.ConclusionsThe results indicate that better cognitive function might be protective against the emergence of pain prior to an arthritis diagnosis, but cognitive function is subsequently impaired by pain and depression. Furthermore, higher depression predicts lower cognitive function, but not vice versa. This is discussed in the context of the emerging importance of inflammation in depression.

scholarly journals The dynamic relationship between cognitive function and walking speed: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

AGE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharine R Gale ◽  
Michael Allerhand ◽  
Avan Aihie Sayer ◽  
Cyrus Cooper ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

scholarly journals Cognitive function trajectories and their determinants in older people: 8 years of follow-up in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Zaninotto ◽  
G David Batty ◽  
Michael Allerhand ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

BackgroundMaintaining cognitive function is an important aspect of healthy ageing. In this study, we examined age trajectories of cognitive decline in a large nationally representative sample of older people in England. We explored the factors that influence such decline and whether these differed by gender.MethodsLatent growth curve modelling was used to explore age-specific changes, and influences on them, in an 8-year period in memory, executive function, processing speed and global cognitive function among 10 626 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We run gender-specific models with the following exposures: age, education, wealth, childhood socioeconomic status, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, physical function, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, depression and dementia.ResultsAfter adjustment, women had significantly less decline than men in memory (0.011, SE 0.006), executive function (0.012, SE 0.006) and global cognitive function (0.016, SE 0.004). Increasing age and dementia predicted faster rates of decline in all cognitive function domains. Depression and alcohol consumption predicted decline in some cognitive function domains in men only. Poor physical function, physical inactivity and smoking were associated with faster rates of decline in specific cognitive domains in both men and women. For example, relative to study members who were physically active, the sedentary experienced greater declines in memory (women −0.018, SE 0.009) and global cognitive function (men −0.015, SE 0.007 and women −0.016, SE 0.007).ConclusionsThe potential determinants of cognitive decline identified in this study, in particular modifiable risk factors, should be tested in the context of randomised controlled trials.

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