scholarly journals Does perceived racial discrimination predict changes in psychological distress and substance use over time? An examination among Black emerging adults.

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1910-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle M. Hurd ◽  
Fatima A. Varner ◽  
Cleopatra H. Caldwell ◽  
Marc A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Perceived Racial Discrimination ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Developing an Adaptive Mobile Intervention to Address Risky Substance Use Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Usability Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara N Coughlin ◽  
Inbal Nahum-Shani ◽  
Meredith L Philyaw-Kotov ◽  
Erin E Bonar ◽  
Mashfiqui Rabbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Substance use among adolescents and emerging adults continues to be an important public health problem associated with morbidity and mortality. Mobile health (mHealth) provides a promising approach to deliver just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) to prevent escalation of use and substance use–related consequences. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aims to describe the iterative development and initial feasibility and acceptability testing of an mHealth smartphone app, called MiSARA, designed to reduce escalation in substance use. METHODS We used social media advertisements to recruit youth (n=39; aged 16-24 years, who screened positive for past-month binge drinking or recreational cannabis use) with a waiver of parental consent. Participants used the MiSARA app for 30 days, with feasibility and acceptability data reported at a 1-month follow-up. We present descriptive data regarding behavior changes over time. RESULTS The results show that most participants (31/39, 79%) somewhat liked the app at least, with most (29/39, 74%) rating MiSARA as 3 or more stars (out of 5). Almost all participants were comfortable with self-reporting sensitive information within the app (36/39, 92%); however, most participants also desired more interactivity (27/39, 69%). In addition, participants’ substance use declined over time, and those reporting using the app more often reported less substance use at the 1-month follow-up than those who reported using the app less often. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the MiSARA app is a promising platform for JITAI delivery, with future trials needed to optimize the timing and dose of messages and determine efficacy.

Perceived Racial Discrimination and Health Behavior: Mediation and Moderation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick X. Gibbons ◽  
Michelle L. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Substance Use And Abuse ◽  
Control Research ◽  
Perceived Racial Discrimination

Research has documented a strong link between perceived racial discrimination and various health outcomes among African Americans. These outcomes include health status and health-relevant behavior. This chapter focuses on the relation between the stress associated with perceived racial discrimination and health-risk behavior, primarily substance use and abuse. The chapter examines a variety of factors thought to mediate this relation, the two primary ones being negative affect and self-control. Research has shown that discrimination has an impact on both factors, and these in turn directly affect substance use. The chapter also examines several factors that have been shown to moderate the discrimination–health relationship. In addition, the chapter reviews research examining moderators that can be either risk-promoting or protective. Some research identifying individuals who appear to respond in a favorable or healthy manner to perceived discrimination is also reviewed. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research.

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